The relation between coronary heart disease risk and low density lipoprotein and high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations is well accepted. These parameters are widely used in coronary heart disease risk assessment. However, an evidence is accumulated that other lipoprotein related parameters may be useful in CHD risk prediction. The aim of the study was to assess differences in plasma levels of apolipoproteins AI and B, and apo AI containing lipoprotein subpopulations LpAI and LpAI/AII, between subjects with and without documented coronary heart disease but similar total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol levels. 233 subjects were studied. CHD patients were characterized by higher apo B levels than Control subjects with similar LDL cholesterol levels and these differences were visible in normocholesterolemic as well as in hypercholesterolemic subjects. Significantly lower levels of LpAI particles were noted in CHD patients. The drop in LpAI was significant even when no differences in HDL-cholesterol and apo AI concentration occurred. The presented data support the idea that measurements of apolipoprotein B and apo AI and especially LpAI particles levels may improve CHD risk assessment. These markers may be particularly useful in patients with no classical risk factors, patients with serum and LDL cholesterol levels in normal range.
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