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This paper presents the results of a pilot field study, conducted in July 2007, designed to make fl oristic evaluation of the peat bog area adjacent to the western shore of Lake Bikcze (Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lakeland). The main aim of the study was to confi rm the occurrence of populations of rare and legally protected plant species in this area and to identify, on a preliminary basis, habitat conditions in their stands. The occurrence of populations of the following strictly protected plant species: Betula humilis, Salix lapponum, Salix myrtilloides, Carex limosa, Drosera intermedia, Drosera rotundifolia, Dactylorhiza incarnata; and partially protected species: Menyanthes trifoliata, has been confi rmed in the studied peat bog. Both an investigation of abiotic factors, conducted in situ, and an analysis of the species composition of the flora in terms of habitat preferences of particular groups of taxa have shown that the described rare plant species find suitable conditions for their growth and development in the studied peat bog.
In the period 2007-2009, floristic, habitat and physico- chemical analysis was made of the hydraulically improved surrounding ditch of Lake Bikcze in the Łęczna-Włodawa Lakeland. Hemicryptophytes, with a large proportion of geophytes as well as hydrophytes and helophytes, were the main component of the flora of the studied section of the transformed Piwonia River channel. In terms of historical-geographical classification, spontaneophytes were predominant, and apophytes among them, whereas anthropophytes were poorly represented, which was confirmed by the correspondingly high values of the synanthropization and apophytization indices (> 50%) as well as the low value of the anthropophytization index (approx. 2%). In the aspect of the range of occurrence, Euro-Siberian and cosmopolitan species were predominant, which are classified in terms of the indicator values as hygrophilous plants, neutral to continentality, living in moderately cool or moderately warm climatic conditions, characterized by a wide range of tolerance to the trophic state index and to soil acidity. An analysis of the values of the basic physico-chemical factors of the stagnant water in the surrounding ditch showed variations in the value of pH, electrolytic conductivity and the value of the concentration of organic and ammonium nitrogen as well as of organic phosphorus and phosphates. In spite of the anthropogenic nature of the studied watercourse, the qualitative and quantitative proportions of the flora species indicated the natural state of the flora based on the native vegetation, characteristic of the study area.
Studies carried out in 2001-2003 were aimed at evaluation of the current structure and conditions of the population along with the recording of biometric traits of downy willow specimens at their natural stand on Lake Bikcze. It has been found that the population of downy willow on the peat bog near Lake Bikcze has much increased since the 1950’s. The character of phytocoenoses, where Salix lapponum occurred most abundantly, may prove its wide requirements in terms of habitat conditions. S. lapponum specimens were in good condition. Furthermore, blooming of male and female specimens as well as great viability of pollen grains was recorded. High variability of selected biometric traits for studied species’ specimens was found.
Ecotone zones are very interesting objects for the investigations of the ecological succession of plant communities. The main aim of the present study was to analyse the rate and direction of changes in ecotone vegetation caused by changes in a level of groundwater table. In the studies carried out during years 1993-1998 a generally accepted method of a belt transect was applied. Transect 5m wide ran across all aquatic, litoral and land phytocenoses. Most visible changes took place in the aquatic and littoral phytocenoses. Some of them disappeared and then reconstructed themselves within a new range, in others the species composition was changed.
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