The family Johnstonianidae is revised with special reference to its monophyly, and the European Johnstonianinae are evaluated. Complete data including descriptions of larvae and postlarval instars of the following species are provided: Centrotrombidium schneiden Kramer, 1896, Diplothrombium longipalpe (Berlese, 1887), D. carpaticum (Štorkan, 1938), Johnstoniana errans (Johnston, 1852), J. eximia (Berlese, 1910), J. parva Wendt, Wohltmann, Eggers et Otto, 1994 and J. rapax Wendt et Eggers, 1994. Diplothrombium wittei sp. nov. is described from the adult instar, D. creticum sp. nov. and D. rackae sp. nov. are described from larvae. Neotypes of Centrotrombidium schneideri Kramer, 1896, Diplothrombium carpaticum (Štorkan, 1938) and Johnstoniana errans (Johnston, 1852) are designated. Additional data on ecological requirements, geographical distribution, life cycle and feeding of particular instars are given. Tabular keys to world genera and species of Johnstonianinae are provided.
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