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Influence of livestock grazing on the capybara's trophic niche and forage preferences

100%

Quintana R. D.

Acta Theriologica

2002

tom 47

nr 2

Trophic niche parameters and forage preferences of capybara Hydrochaeris hydro- chaeris Linnaeus, 1766 were studied at three areas of east-central Argentina: Lower Delta Islands (LDI), only capybara present; Puerto Constanza (PC), capybara and cattle, and Villaguay (VI), capybara, cattle and sheep. Significant correlation was found in the annual botanical composition of capybara faeces at LDI and PC, but no correlation was found between faecal composition at these two areas and those at VI. The narrowest trophic niche corresponded to LDI, while the widest corresponded to VI, with significant differences in the values among the three areas. Capybara consumed Carex riparia, Cynodon dactylon and Panicum grumosum in LDI, and P. milioides in VI in proportion greater than availability. Three and eight food items were consumed less than availability in VI and PC, respectively. The greater the species number and density of livestock animals, the more generalist the behavior of capybara, possibly due to direct interaction in the use of grazing resources. Changes in availability of foraging species may influence the capybara's preference patterns and the consumption of suboptimal feeding items may indicate a greater pressure on foraging resources in the areas where capybaras share their habitat with livestock.

Molecular characterization of arthropod-borne hematozoans in wild mammals from Brazil, Venezuela and Spain

61%

Criado-Fornelio A., Buling A., Casado N., Gimenez C., Ruas J., Wendt L., Rosa-Farias N., Pinheiro M., Rey-Valeiron C., Barba-Carretero J. C.

Acta Parasitologica

2009

tom 54

nr 3

187-193

A survey of Babesia, Theileria and Hepatozoon was conducted in wild mammals, including the capybara (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris; n = 14) from Brazil, the jaguar (Panthera onca; n = 2) and crab-eating raccoon (Procyon cancrivorus; n = 4) from Venezuela, and the red deer (Cervus elaphus; n = 70), red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris; n = 5) and Eurasian pine marten (Martes martes; n = 3) from Spain. Diagnostic procedures included both microscopy and molecular methods (PCR and sequencing of the 18S rRNA gene). Microscopic examination of blood smears revealed no hematozoan infections — unlike the molecular analyses. Nine Brazilian capybaras were found to be infected with Hepatozoon canis (prevalence 64%), two of which were coinfected with a previously unknown babesid (prevalence 14%) loosely related to Theileria equi (90% 18S rRNA gene similarity according to BLAS® analysis). One jaguar and one crab-eating raccoon from Venezuela were infected by H. canis. Four of the red deer were infected with theilerids (5.7% prevalence), two with Theileria sp. and two with T. annulata. One red squirrel and three pine martens were infected with Hepatozoon sp. The isolate form the red squirrel was phylogenetically related to Hepatozoon sp. reported in Spanish bank voles, whereas those infecting the pine martens were related to Hepatozoon felis reported in Spanish cats. In conclusion, the molecular findings show that some non-canid mammals are carriers of H. canis in South America, while red deer may carry T. annulata in Europe. Small mammals in Europe appear to be unlikely hosts of H. canis and H. felis.

Ograniczanie wyników

1 Acta Parasitologica

1 Acta Theriologica

1 Barba-Carretero J. C.

1 Buling A.

1 Casado N.

1 Criado-Fornelio A.

1 Gimenez C.

1 Pinheiro M.

1 Quintana R. D.

1 Rey-Valeiron C.

1 Rosa-Farias N.

1 Ruas J.

1 Wendt L.

1 2009

1 2002

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Influence of livestock grazing on the capybara's trophic niche and forage preferences

Molecular characterization of arthropod-borne hematozoans in wild mammals from Brazil, Venezuela and Spain