For the first time the agent of diphyllobothriosis Lake Baikal is the cestoda D.dendriticum establishted by T.P. Chizhova and P.G. Gofman-Kadoshnikov (1962). D.dendriticum reaches maturity in human intestine, but it is considered, that the relationships between the parasite and human are facultative property (Klebonovski 1985). The results of the investigation of the diet of sea-gull nestlings (control-uninfected and experimental-infected birds with cestoda groups) and stress influence (starvation) on the mass loss in experimentally and naturally infected ones with different duration conditions adaptation of experiments are discussed in this article.
Eight cestode species from the family Diphyllobothriidae Luehe, 1910 were found in three seal species, occurring near the Arctowski Station, the South Shetland Islands, West Antarctic. Diphyllobothrium wilsoni (Shipley, 1907), D. scotti Shipley, 1907, D. lashleyi (Leiper et Atkinson, 1914) and Glandicephalus perfoliatus (Railliet et Henry, 1912) occur in the Weddell seal; D. scoticum (Rennie et Reid, 1912), D. quadratum (Linstow, 1892), D. pseudowilsoni sp. n. and immature specimens of D. scotti in the leopard seal; Baylisia baylisi Markowski, 1952 in the crabeater seal. Diphyllobothrium pseudowilsoni sp. n. is distinguished from D. wilsoni (syn. D. mobile Rennie et Reid, 1912) by having more numerous testes, the absence of distinct armature of the cirrus, the arrangement of the vitelline follicles and from D. scotti in the shape of the scolex, the shorter body and neck, and the arrangement of the vitelline follicles. A key to all diphyllobothriid cestodes occurring in Antarctic seals is given.
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