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Skull size variation in the orange mouse opossum Marmosa xerophila Handley and Gordon, 1979 in Venezuela was analysed by sex and geographic location. Morphometric relationships between the species and the closely related M. robinsoni Bangs, 1898 were also studied. Results showed that M. xerophila is a sexually dimorphic and geo­graphically homogeneous species. Males had larger skulls than females, although dimorphism was mainly related to length, height, and some dental parameters. Inter­specific comparisons revealed that M. xerophila has a smaller skull than M. robinsoni, even in the sympatric area where the smallest specimens of M. robinsoni occur. Dis­criminant function analyses between these species, for males and females separately, provided accurate classification functions that allowed correct specific determination. In Venezuela, M. xerophila lives in arid lands with xerophilous thorny woodland and scrub, up to 90 m above see level.
Mites of the genus Listropsoralges permanently parasitizing New World marsupials of the family Didelphidae are revised. An emended diagnosis of this genus, descriptions of the new species L. caluromys sp. nov. and L. faini, and a key to species based on males are provided. Listropsoralges caluromys differs from the morphologically similar L. marmosae by shorter setae se (35–37 μm long in males and 48–55 μm long in females), by female setae h3 not being thickened and being subequal in the length to setae ps2 and ps3 (12–14 and 9–10 μm long, respectively) and by pretarsi III represented by only remnants of the pretarsal stalk in both sexes. L. faini sp. nov. (only males are known) differs from males of the morphologically similar L. monodelphis by having homogeneous ornamentation of the hysteronotal shield and by setae h2 and h3 not being positioned on distinct fleshy projections.
Food supply is an important determinant of animal movements. In the present study we tested the occurrence of an inverse relationship between daily movements ofMarmosops paulensis (Tate, 1931) and their food supply. This species is a member of the family Didelphidae, occurring in areas of high elevation in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest.M. paulensis moved mostly over the ground, although the understory was also used. Mean daily range ofM. paulensis estimated through spool-and-line device was about 0.40 ha; no differences were noted between body sizes and sexes. As expected, there was an inverse relationship between daily movements and food supply. This relationship resulted from the clumped distribution of fruits, particularlyPiper rather than the sparser distribution of arthropods.
Metatherians experience the greatest developmental changes during extrauterine life. Following previous studies on Didelphis albiventris Lund, 1840, we examined the postweaning cranial allometry of size of the Neotropical marsupial Lutreolina cras- sicaudata (Desmerest, 1804). Our aim was to compare growth patterns of both species to identify traits particular to each species and traits common to both species. This may contribute toward identifying a common developmental plan for didelphids. We mea­sured 15 cranial variables in 32-43 specimens from just-weaned young to old adult. Total length of the skull was the estimator of overall size in least squares and reduced major axis regressions. The skull of Lutreolina crassicaudata grows at a rate slower than the overall change in size in its neurocranial components, palate, and postcanine rows, and it grows relatively faster in the rest of the splanchnocranium. This pattern closely resembles that of Didelphis albiventris, from which it differs mainly in the allometry of the muzzle. In both species, allometry explains most postweaning changes of the trophic apparatus on functional grounds, in relation to interspecific differences in diet. We hypothesize that most local allometric departures from a generalized didelphid plan would relate to main dietary trends.
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