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1

Timing of breeding in the Feral Pigeon Columba livia f. domestica in Slupsk (NW Poland)

100%
Hetmanski T.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2004
|
tom 39
|
nr 2
The study was conducted from 1997-2001 in the city of Słupsk. Observations of individually marked birds were conducted from blinds located at city-centre sites where Feral Pigeons breed. The pigeons bred throughout the year, with peak broods in spring and summer. Different pairs timed their breeding such that the beginning of the season (from October to September of the next calendar year) overlapped the dates of completion (from April to December). 10% of pairs had already begun breeding in the autumn, while 86% did so between January and May. The remaining pairs (young ones, in particular) started breeding even later, mainly because of the lack of suitable nesting sites. The breeding period most often ended between August and October (75% of pairs), when the pigeons began their moult. 91% of the young birds joined the breeding population in their second calendar year of life. The remaining young birds had their first broods in the first or third calendar year of life. Pairs of young birds started nesting 2-3 months later than adult birds. The average length of a pair's breeding season was 183 days.
2

Breeding parameters and recruitment in Feral Pigeons Columba livia f. domestica

100%
Hetmanski T., Barkowska M.
Acta Ornithologica
|
2008
|
tom 43
|
nr 2
159-166
This research was conducted on the Feral Pigeon population in Słupsk (NW Poland). Breeding parameters and the number of parental pairs' young recruited into the breeding population were determined for 52-112 marked pairs over three breeding seasons. Pairs had an average of 4.4 broods and produced 3.6 fledglings per breeding season. From 39 to 49% of pairs in various seasons did not have any young recruited. Every fourth pair (25-30%) had a single young bird recruited, from 12 to 20% of pairs — two young, from 4 to 11% — 3 young, and 6% of pairs had from four to six young recruited. The number of recruits depended on the breeding parameters of the parents: it was lowest among young pairs (low quality birds), those that began breeding late in the season, had a short breeding season, or low breeding success. In contrast, high quality birds with a long breeding season, the highest reproductive parameters and breeding success, had the most young recruited. Survival rate of young after leaving the nest was not found to be influenced by the starting date or the length of the breeding season of pairs. However, nesting conditions, such as pair density in colonies, may influence the fate of young birds after they leave the nest and are recruited.
3
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Wild pigeons and pheasants - a source of Chlamydophila psittaci for humans and animals

80%
Travnicek M., Cislakova L., Deptula W., Stosik M., Bhide M. R.
Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine
|
2002
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tom 09
|
nr 2
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