Wyniki wyszukiwania

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Caryophyllidea [Cestoidea]: molecules, morphology and evolution

100%

Mackiewicz J. S.

Acta Parasitologica

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2003

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tom 48

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nr 3

Recent literature on the evolution and interrelationships of the Caryophyllidea based on molecular and morphological criteria is reviewed. Molecular analyses with SSU rDNA, LSU rDNA and ef-1 alpha reaffirms the basal or near basal position of these nonozoic cestodes. Major emphasis is on an evaluation of the scoring in morphological character matrices used in cladistic studies. Suggested changes to present scoring are: uterus is dorsal; scolex is afossate, fossate or difossate with little support for monofossate; ciliated coracidium is absent; vitellaria are circum-cortical and circum-medullary; testes are cortical and medullary; metacercoid stage is absent; and the spermatozoan lacks a crested body, flagellar rotation and proximodistal fusion. Of the 41 recognized genera of the Caryophyllidea, 59% have an afossate scolex and the remainders are fossate. The use of a new character, “nuclear vacuole” in the nucleus of mature vitellocytes, is suggested. To aid in identifying cestode body types in an evolutionary context, they are designated as monopleuroid, polypleuroid and strobila. Tabulated differences between the monozoic Caryophyllidea and polyzoic eucestodes suggest that the two groups may warrant separate taxonomic status. The question of whether or not the monozoic state is primary or secondarily derived is not resolved. Using the life cycle characterstics of the Pseudophyllidea and of Archigetes as models, it is hypothesized that progenesis may have played a major role in the evolution of the Caryophyllidea. If the role of progenesis can be substantiated through total evidence incorporating cytohistological data, then the monozoic condition becomes coincidental and the hypothesis is not supported that the Caryophyllidea are ancestral and preceded polyzoic eucestodes.

2

Helminth parasites [Cestoidea, Nematoda, Pentastomida] of selected herpetofauna from Cameroon, West Africa

84%

McAllister C. T., Bursey C. R., Freed P. S.

Acta Parasitologica

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2010

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tom 55

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nr 1

90-93

Twenty-nine individual amphibians (2 families, 3 species) and 12 individual reptiles (2 families, 2 species) from Douala, Cameroon (West Africa) were examined for helminths. Seventeen (59%) of the amphibians and 11 (92%) of the reptiles were found to harbor at least 1 species of helminth; 10 (34%) of the amphibians and 4 (33%) of the infected reptiles harbored multiple infections. A cestode, 6 species of nematodes, and a pentastomid were found in the herpetofauna surveyed. Nine new host and six new geographic distribution records are reported.

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Scolex development, morphology and mode of attachment of Wenyonia virilis Woodland, 1923 [Cestoidea, Caryophyllidea]

84%

Ibraheem M. H., Mackiewicz J. S.

Acta Parasitologica

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2006

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tom 51

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nr 1

Development and morphology of the scolex and mode of attachment of Wenyonia virilis Woodland, 1923, a caryophyllaeid cestode from the silurid Nile fish Synodontis schall (Bloch et Schneider, 1801), were studied by means of light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Scolex and genital primordia changes through four stages of juvenile development are described. Longitudinal ridges do not appear on the scolex until the cestode has well defined genital primordia. This is in stark contrast to other caryophyllidean genera in which the basic morphology of the adult scolex becomes evident at the procercoid stage in the oligochaete intermediate host. The scolex of the adult has 13 to 19 prominent longitudinal ridges and deep furrows that come together at the apex to form an apical ring, a protrusible terminal introvert within the apical ring that forms a deep apical pouch when fully retracted, and a central group of Faserzellen. The scolex of W. virilis appears similar to the rugomonobothriate scolex of another African caryophyllid, Monobothrioides chalmersius (Woodland, 1924). Comparisons are made with other caryophyllideans having a scolex with a terminal structure: Monobothrium Diesing, 1863, Djombangia Bovien, 1926 and Caryoaustralus Mackiewicz et Blair, 1980. The terminal introvert may be responsible for attachment in early juvenile stages, but may be supplemented by the longitudinal ridges and furrows later in development. Host tissue appears to be drawn into these furrows that function as weak organs of attachment. We could not determine how the introvert of adult worms functions in attachment. At the site of attachment, the mucosa showed necrosis and degeneration and the submucosa exhibited vacuolization and infiltration with lymphocytes and leucocytes.

4

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The systematic position of Gyrocotylidea and Amphilinidea within the Neodermata

84%

Xylander W. E. R.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

5

Ultrastructure of the embryonic envelopes and associated maternal structures of Distoichometra bufonis [Platyhelminthes, Cestoidea, Nematotaeniidae]

67%

Conn D. B.

Acta Parasitologica

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1999

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tom 44

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nr 1

Eggs within paruterine capsules of gravid proglottids of Distoichometra bufonis were examined by light and transmission electron microscopy. The embryonic capsule was membranous, but was immediately underlain by a non-uniform subcapsular lamina that was an intracellular component of the outer embryonic envelope. The subcapsular lamina was thick and semi-rigid on anterior and posterior poles, but thin and membranous laterally, giving the entire egg a laterally oblong shape. In contrast, the embryophore was spherical and uniform in thickness. The paruterine capsule walls were derived from layers of flattened processes of medullary parenchyma cells lined internally with a layer of uterine epithelium. All these layers extended inward to form parenchyma-uterine partitions segregating each egg into an individual chamber. The uterine epithelium was very thin, syncytial, and contained numerous vesicles. Little uterine secretory product occurred in the uterine lumen or on the outer surface of the embryonic capsule. Except for the unique subcapsular lamina, most features of the eggs and paruterine capsule resembled those of other nematotaeniid species. The paruterine capsule wall was similar to that of Mesocestoides lineatus, a species whose paruterine organ lacks parenchyma-uterine partitions.

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Functional morphology and ultrastructure of the eggs, uterus and paruterine capsules of Distoichometra bufonis [Platyhelminthes: Cestoidea: Nematotaeniidae]

67%

Conn D. B.

Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

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1998

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tom 44

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nr 3

Ograniczanie wyników

4 Acta Parasitologica

2 Wiadomości Parazytologiczne

2 Conn D. B.

2 Mackiewicz J. S.

1 Bursey C. R.

1 Freed P. S.

1 Ibraheem M. H.

1 McAllister C. T.

1 Xylander W. E. R.

1 2010

1 2006

1 2003

1 1999

2 1998

Caryophyllidea [Cestoidea]: molecules, morphology and evolution

Helminth parasites [Cestoidea, Nematoda, Pentastomida] of selected herpetofauna from Cameroon, West Africa

Scolex development, morphology and mode of attachment of Wenyonia virilis Woodland, 1923 [Cestoidea, Caryophyllidea]

The systematic position of Gyrocotylidea and Amphilinidea within the Neodermata

Ultrastructure of the embryonic envelopes and associated maternal structures of Distoichometra bufonis [Platyhelminthes, Cestoidea, Nematotaeniidae]

Functional morphology and ultrastructure of the eggs, uterus and paruterine capsules of Distoichometra bufonis [Platyhelminthes: Cestoidea: Nematotaeniidae]