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Anatomy and relationships of the Triassic temnospondyl Sclerothorax

100%

Schoch R. R., Fastnacht M., Fichter J., Keller T.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2007

tom 52

nr 1

Recently, new material of the peculiar tetrapod Sclerothorax hypselonotusfrom the Middle Buntsandstein (Olenekian) of north−central Germany has emerged that reveals the anatomy of the skull and anterior postcranial skeleton in detail. Despite differences in preservation, all previous plus the new finds of Sclerothorax are identified as belonging to the same taxon. Sclerothorax is characterized by various autapomorphies (subquadrangular skull being widest in snout region, extreme height of thoracal neural spines in mid−trunk region, rhomboidal interclavicle longer than skull). Despite its peculiar skull roof, the palate and mandible are consistent with those of capitosauroid stereospondyls in the presence of large muscular pockets on the basal plate, a flattened edentulous parasphenoid, a long basicranial suture, a large hamate process in the mandible, and a falciform crest in the occipital part of the cheek. In order to elucidate the phylogenetic position of Sclerothorax, we performed a cladistic analysis of 18 taxa and 70 characters from all parts of the skeleton. According to our results, Sclerothorax is nested well within the higher stereospondyls, forming the sister taxon of capitosauroids. Palaeobiologically, Sclerothorax is interesting for its several characters believed to correlate with a terrestrial life, although this is contrasted by the possession of well−established lateral line sulci.

A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland

80%

Sulej T., Niedzwiedzki G.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2013

tom 58

nr 1

The Early Triassic record of the large capitosaurid amphibian genus Parotosuchus is supplemented by new material from fluvial deposits of Wióry, southern Poland, corresponding in age to the Detfurth Formation (Spathian, Late Olenekian) of the Germanic Basin. The skull of the new capitosaurid shows an “intermediate” morphology between that of Paroto− suchus helgolandicus from the Volpriehausen−Detfurth Formation (Smithian, Early Olenekian) of Germany and the slightly younger Parotosuchus orenburgensis from European Russia. These three species may represent an evolutionary lineage that underwent a progressive shifting of the jaw articulation anteriorly. The morphology of the Polish form is dis− tinct enough from other species of Parotosuchus to warrant erection of a new species. The very large mandible of Parot− osuchus ptaszynskii sp. nov. indicates that this was one of the largest tetrapod of the Early Triassic. Its prominent anatomi− cal features include a triangular retroarticular process and an elongated base of the hamate process.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

1 Fastnacht M.

1 Fichter J.

1 Keller T.

1 Niedzwiedzki G.

1 Schoch R. R.

1 Sulej T.

1 2013

1 2007

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Anatomy and relationships of the Triassic temnospondyl Sclerothorax

A new large capitosaurid temnospondyl amphibian from the Early Triassic of Poland