Two new species of Anatonchus (Cobb, 1916) De Conick, 1939 are described. Anatonchus istvani sp. n. collected in Poland differs from A. hortensis Andrássy, 1973 by the longer and wider body, larger buccal cavity, position of teeth apices, longer spicules, and from A. amiciae Coomans et Lima, 1965 by the well developed posterior gonad and larger buccal cavity. Anatonchus australicus sp. n. collected in Australia differs from A. ginglymodontus Mulvey, 1961 by the smaller buccal cavity, the tail shape, and from A. killiclci Clark, 1963 by the lack of papillae and pores in the vulval region, the tail shape and lack of the spineret.