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Revision of the flexible crinoid genus Ammonicrinus and a new hypothesis on its life mode

100%

Bohaty J.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

2011

tom 56

nr 3

The lecanocrinid Ammonicrinus(Flexibilia) is newly interpreted based on new material from the Middle Devonian of the Rhenish Massif (Eifel and Bergisches Land, Germany). The species have echinoid−like tubercles on the attachment and on the column, which bear articulated spines. The intraspecific variability of the column is discussed for three facies−controlled morphotypes, herein classified as standard “exposed−” or “encased roller−type” and the rare “settler−type”. New specimens have floating transitions between different plate sculpturing and between those individuals with none or one to several columnals with herein termed “lateral columnal enclosure extensions” on the proximal−most, barrel−like dististele and the following mesistele, which is solely distinguished by these extensions. Based on this interpretation, Ammonicrinus kongieli is evaluated as a subjective junior synonym of Ammonicrinus sulcatus. The latter species was first recognised from the Eifel (Germany). “Ammonicrinus wachtbergensis”, from the upper Eifelian of the Eifel, is declared a subjective junior synonym of Ammonicrinus doliiformis. The first nearly complete specimen of Ammonicrinus kerdreoletensis is described from the lower Eifelian of Vireux−Molhain (southern Ardennes, France). Two new species are described: Ammonicrinus jankei sp. nov. and Ammonicrinus leunisseni sp. nov. A functional morphologic trend in perfecting the crown encasement by continuous modification of the lateral columnal enclosure extensions of the mesistele from the Eifelian to the Givetian, indicates a vagile benthic “predator”−driven evolution of ammonicrinids in the Eifel area. Several ammonicrinid species are herein defined as spined soft−bottom dwellers, feeding in low−intensity current water, possibly through a self−produced water flow. The first known postmortem encrusting epizoans on ammonicrinid endoskeletons are reported.

Genus Ammonicrinus (Crinoidea) from the Middle Devonian of the Holy Cross Mts (Poland)

100%

Piotrowski A.

Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

1977

tom 22

nr 2

Crinoid genus Ammonicrinus is represented by two species, A. sulcatus Kongiel and A. kongieli sp.n., in the Grzegorzowice - Skały and Świętomarz - Śniadka profiles of the Middle Devonian in the Holy Cross Mts. The presence of barrel-like columnals of a limited mobility in distal part of stems and the development of wide tuberculated external cover indicate that both species represent sessile benthos. In A. sulcatus stem was connected with crown through modified columnalium. The crown was equipped with short arms which could take food in a space limited to the interior of coiled part of the stem. The food was supplied by current parallel to the bottom. The structure of crown and stem suggests that all Ammonicrinus species represent the same evolutionary stage.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Palaeontologica Polonica

1 Bohaty J.

1 Piotrowski A.

1 2011

1 1977

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Revision of the flexible crinoid genus Ammonicrinus and a new hypothesis on its life mode

Genus Ammonicrinus (Crinoidea) from the Middle Devonian of the Holy Cross Mts (Poland)