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This study was aimed at profiling plasma proteins of healthy 8-month-old African catfish. Plasma proteins within the isoelectric point ranging from 3.0 to 10.0 were separated by high resolution two-dimensional electrophoresis (2-DE). In total, 8 different gene products were identified with a matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. These included carrier proteins (fatty acid-binding protein 1, metallothionein, mitoferrin-2), a structural protein (vimentin), proteins involved in the regulation of transcription (thyroid hormone receptor alpha A, endothelial differentiation-related factor 1 homolog), and others (B-cell lymphoma 6 protein homolog, FGFR1 oncogene partner 2 homolog). This is the first study attempting to map the plasma proteome of Clarias gariepinus. Owing to the lack of information concerning catfish protein sequences in the relevant databases, protein spots were identified by matching peptide data to interspecies homology. The results of this preliminary study may encourage other authors to undertake further research on the plasma proteome of the African catfish.
Experiments to assess the effectiveness of the immunostimulator methisoprinol (Polfa Grodzisk Pharmaceuticals, Poland) focused on its impact on the innate immune response. The impact of different doses of methisoprinol on organ leukocytes isolated from the kidneys and spleens of African catfish that were subjected to or not subjected to the suppressive impact of iridovirus. The results indicate that the addition of methisoprinol causes increased respiratory burst activity (RBA), potential killing activity (PKA), and proliferative activity of lymphocytes T and B in response to mitogens. Methisoprinol stimulates the mechanisms of cellular immunity that are linked to the activation of T lymphocytes, which can impact the antiviral activity of this preparation after its application in vivo.
Six diets made from purified and semi-purified materials (casein, gelatin, gluten, zein, dextrin, α-cellulose) were tested over an 80-day period in adult (150 ± 47.40 g) African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell). Six protein to lipid ratios were tested ranging from 12.85 mg protein kJ⁻¹ to 20.51 mg protein kJ⁻¹. Performance indices (PWG, SGR, FCR) compare favorably with those previously observed for C. gariepinus and other clariid species. The best performing diets were those with a total gross energy range of 22 to 24 kJ g⁻¹, a P/E ratio of 19.5 - 20.5 mg protein kJ⁻¹, a crude protein level of 46%, a crude lipid level of 10-17%, and a carbohydrate level of 26 - 32%. The carbohydrate levels (26 - 32%) of the best performing diets during these experiments were much higher than those of previous researchers (16 - 18%) for the same species and still higher than those (15 - 25%) employed for other carnivores (salmonids, sea bass, sea bream). Therefore, African catfish possibly exhibits more efficient dietary carbohydrate utilization. An increase in carcass lipid as a result of increased dietary non-protein energy was also recorded.
Background. Fertilizer application is considered a viable low-cost method of sustainable aquaculture production. This study was carried out to investigate the growth response of north African catfish, Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822), fry to inorganic- (NPK) and organic (cow dung and poultry dropping) fertilizers. Materials and Methods. Catfish fry (0.05–0.06 g) were transferred for six weeks into a 0.13-m deep, culture units of the surface area of 0.135 m2. Each culture unit was treated with either cow dung +NPK (T1), poultry dropping (T2), cow dung + poultry dropping (T3), control with no fertilizer (T4), NPK + poultry dropping (T5), cow dung (T6), NPK + cow dung + poultry dropping (T7), and NPK (T8). Results. Fertilizer type was found to influence the quality and quantity of plankton, which in turn determined the growth and well-being of catfish fry. The best weight increase was recorded in T1 (1.37 ± 1.01 g) followed by T2 (0.49 ± 0.31 g), and then T7 (0.40 ± 0.23 g). The survival rate in T1 (100%) and T2 (60%) were the highest relative to the control (T4) (87%). Dissolved oxygen, pH, and temperature of culture water were variously affected by the treatments. Conclusion. The results indicate that mixture of NPK and either cow dung or poultry droppings would adequately cater for the growth needs of C. gariepinus fry before feeding on compounded diet.
Effects on the reproduction of C. gariepinus after ovulation stimulation with carp pituitary homogenate (CPH), Ovopel or Dagin were investigated. After the application of Ovopel all the females spawned while after CPH or Dagin treatment spawning was reduced to 83.3%. No statistically significant effect of the stimulator was found on the weight of eggs expressed in g and in % of female B.W. however, the highest mean values of these parameters were found after Dagin. A statistically significant effect of the stimulator was noted for the percentage of fertilization and living embryos after 24h and 28h incubation. The highest percentage of live embryos after a 28h incubation of eggs was found after the treatment with Dagin and the lowest after Ovopel; the difference between the means of these stimulators was statistically significant. The females ovulated 12h after Ovopel treatment yielded eggs of a higher weight and of significantly higher quality compared with those obtained 3h later. The relative effectiveness of reproduction, expressed as the number of live embryos per kg of female B.W., was highest after Dagin treatment.
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