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1

A plea for extension of the anatomical nomenclature. Part 1: Nervous system and senses

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Kachlik D., Musil V., Baca V.
Folia Morphologica
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2017
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tom 76
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nr 2
A correct, exact, concise and detailed anatomical nomenclature is a cornerstone of communication not only in anatomy and related subjects but also in other medical branches and in the whole medical education. Terminologia Anatomica fulfils this task but some important structures are still missing there. The authors have collected and present here a list of terms including their definitions or explanations to provoke discussion about possible extension of the Terminologia Anatomica. The first part of this contribution, presented in this article, comprises 113 terms concerning the regulation systems of the human body: endocrine glands, central and peripheral nervous system, and senses. It also contains some corrections of anatomical mistakes, systemic inconsistencies and grammar changes. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 2: 168–177)
2

Superficial brachioradial artery (radial artery originating from the axillary artery): a case report and embryological background

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Konarik M., Knize J., Baca V., Kachlik D.
Folia Morphologica
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2009
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tom 68
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nr 3
A case of anomalous terminal branching of the axillary artery, concerning the variant called superficial brachioradial artery (arteria brachioradialis superficialis) was described, with special regard to its embryological origin. The left upper limb of a male cadaver was dissected in successive steps from the axillary fossa distally to the palmar region. A variant artery, stemming from the end of the third segment of the axillary artery, followed a superficial course distally. It skipped the cubital fossa, ran on the lateral side of the forearm, crossed ventrally to the palm, and terminated in the deep palmar arch. This vessel is a case of so-called “brachioradial artery” (inexactly called a “radial artery with a high origin”). The origin of the brachioradial artery directly from the axillary artery belongs to the rare variants of the arterial pattern of the upper limb. Its incidence is approximately 3%. Moreover, this vascular variant was associated with another one concerning the brachial plexus. The medial cutaneous nerve of the forearm joined the median nerve in the middle third of the arm and ran further distally as a common trunk, as the normal median nerve does. Anatomical knowledge of the axillary region is crucial for radiodiagnostic and surgical procedures, especially in cases of trauma. The superficially located artery brings an elevated risk of bleeding complications in unexpected situations. (Folia Morphol 2009; 68, 3: 174–178)
3

A plea for extension of the official nomenclature of the microscopic structure of human tissues and organs, the Terminologia Histologica

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Varga I., Kachlik D., Klein M.
Folia Morphologica
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2020
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tom 79
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nr 3
4

Bony canal and grooves of the middle meningeal artery: mythic structures in anatomy and neurosurgery?

64%
Eberlova L., Pisova S., Papezova L., Mirka H., Hosek P., Steflova M., Maleckova A., Kachlik D., Stepanek D.
Folia Morphologica
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2020
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tom 79
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nr 3
Background: It has been previously published that the frontal branch of the middle meningeal artery (MMA) is usually embedded in a bony canal (BC). Although the incidence of the BC was over 70%, this structure is currently omitted both in anatomical nomenclature and in most of the literature. We found the same gap pertaining to the grooves for the MMA on the skull base. The aims of our study were to assess the incidence and morphometry of the MMA BC and grooves on the skull base. Materials and methods: Computed tomography (CT) scans of 378 patients, 172 skull bases as well as 120 sphenoidal bones and 168 temporal bones, and 12 histological specimens from 3 men and 3 women and 3 different regions of the MMA course were assessed. Results: Based on CT scans, the incidence of the BC was 85.44% and was significantly higher in females than in males. Most of the canals and grooves were bilateral. The mean canal length was 17.67 mm, the mean transverse diameter 1.33 mm, and the mean distance from the superior orbital fissure (dFOS) was 26.7 mm. In the skull bases, the BC incidence was 70.07%, the mean canal length 10.74 mm, and the mean dFOS was 19.16 mm. The groove for the MMA on the temporal and sphenoidal bones was present in 99.42% and 95.35%, respectively. Histological specimens confirmed the presence of the MMA and accompanying vein/s. Conclusions: Based on our results, we suggest the addition of the BC and grooves for the middle meningeal vessels to the upcoming version of the Terminologia Anatomica. (Folia Morphol 2020; 79, 3: 450–461)
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