The study was undertaken to find out whether the detection of the IgA antibodies against T. gondii is a better serological marker of the acute phase of toxoplasmosis than the detection of IgM. Eighty four serum samples from 70 patients with acquired toxoplasmosis were tested. The duration of the T. gondii invasion was from one week to over one year. IgA antibodies against P30 (SAG1), a major surface protein of T. gondii, were tested using CLONATEC TOXO A Ab EIA assay. Among 84 sera, the specific IgM antibodies were found in 82 cases (97.6%) but the IgA antibodies were detected in 42 cases (50%), which suggest that they are more time specific. The IgA antibodies start to appear in the sera between 2-4 weeks after invasion, i.e. later than those of IgM, and concomitantly or shortly after IgG. In 65% of cases of very recent infections (less than 4 weeks) IgA antibodies were not detected. The highest values for IgA were found in samples collected 2-3 months after invasion and disappeared between 5-9 months. IgA antibodies were frequently found in patients with high IgG antibody titers (91%), but were not detected when IgG titers were decreasing. There were no IgA antibodies present in the patients one year after invasion, however, in some patients the IgM antibodies were still present (“residual” IgM antibodies). Detection of the IgA specific antibodies is a valuable marker of the acute phase of toxoplasmosis between 4 weeks and 4 months, however, their presence has to be interpreted together with other serological tests examining IgG and IgM.
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