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1

Spatial colonization by feral domestic cats Felis catus of former wildcat Felis silvestris silvestris home ranges

100%
Sarmento P., Cruz J., Eira C., Fonseca C.
Acta Theriologica
|
2009
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tom 54
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nr 1
31-38
Presently, wildcatFelis silvestris silvestris Schreber, 1777 populations are fragmented and rapidly declining in most of Europe. Although habitat destruction possibly constitutes the most serious threat to wildcat survival, hybridisation with feral domestic cats is also a critical problem. However, the mechanisms that allow domestic cats to colonise former wild cat home ranges are yet unclear. The present paper describes the decrease of typical phenotypic wildcats and the increase of phenotypic domestic cats in a remote wild area of Portugal (Serra da Malcata). A field survey using box-traps and radio-tracking between 1998 and 2001 revealed that wildcats were widespread in the study area and no domestic cats were present. A second survey using camera traps between 2005 and 2007 revealed only one wildcat whereas four typical domestic phenotype individuals were photographed. The present study clearly emphasizes the need for urgent measures aimed at preserving wildcat populations. These measures should include a national census of the species and an extensive monitoring of genetic integrity of wildcat populations, followed by the elaboration of a wildcat conservation action plan.
2

Prey selection by Rhinolophus hipposideros (Chiroptera, Rhinolophidae) in a modified forest in Southwest Europe

100%
Lino A., Fonseca C., Goiti U., Pereira M. J. R.
Acta Chiropterologica
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2014
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tom 16
|
nr 1
The knowledge of the diet of endangered species provides information on ecology and behaviour that is essential for the adequate management of their populations. Population decline may be indeed associated with diet specialization and unavailability of feeding resources, especially in modified environments. We studied the diet and prey selection of Rhinolophus hipposideros Borkhausen, 1797 in a modified Mediterranean landscape in Portugal, where this species is classified as vulnerable. Diet composition was evaluated by analyzing faecal pellets collected in a breeding colony of R. hipposideros, and the available arthropods were sampled using a light trap set outside the roost. The most consumed prey were Lepidoptera, Tipulidae (Diptera), Hymenoptera, Diptera and Neuroptera. Arthropod diversity remained fairly constant in the diet, but not in terms of prey availability. Our results show that R. hipposideros is a generalist species that feeds on a great number of prey species. However, our data suggest that, within the broad dietary niche, R. hipposideros is not opportunistic, actively selecting Diptera as a preferred food item. Despite the marked differences in foraging habitats, our results are closely match to those of studies done in Western and Central Europe, suggesting that R. hipposideros feeds on similar taxa all across Europe. However, as many studies indicate, this species selects broadleaved woodlands and riparian vegetation to forage, so conservation measures should take into account the protection of native forest and the maintenance of forest corridors among them, as R. hipposideros seems to avoid crossing open areas.
3
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Helminth parasites of stone marten (Martes foina) in central Portugal

88%
Figueiredo A., Oliveira L., Madeira de Carvalho L., Fonseca C., Torres R. T.
Annals of Parasitology
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2018
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tom 64
|
nr 1
The stone marten (Martes foina) is one of the most common species of marten in Europe. Due to increased urbanization and forest degradation, it is now often found in urban habitats, which increased the possibility of parasites transmission between wildlife-domestic animals and humans. Our preliminary study of this mustelid in Portugal, aimed to assess prevalence of helminths. Six helminth parasites were found (Crenosoma vulpis, Angiostrongylus sp., Toxocara sp., Toxascaris leonina, Ancylostomatidae and Strongyloides sp.). To our knowledge, this is the first report of Toxascaris leonina in this host species.
4

Variation in the abundance and reproductive characteristics of Great Tits Parus major in forest and monoculture plantations

88%
Da Silva L. P., Alves J., Alves Da Silva A., Ramos J. A., Fonseca C.
Acta Ornithologica
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2012
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tom 47
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nr 2
Natural forests have been progressively replaced by other forest types, mainly monoculture plantations. We compared the abundance of Great Tits and its main food competitors, the Chaffinch Fringilla coelebs and other tits species (Blue Tit Cyanistes caeruleus, Coal Tit Periparus ater and Crested Tit Lophophanes cristatus), and breeding parameters of Great Tits in four forest types: a mixed forest, a native broadleaf forest, a Maritime Pine Pinus pinaster plantation and a Blue Gum Eucalyptus globulus plantation in Central Portugal. The breeding parameters (laying date, clutch size, egg volume, hatching success, fledging success and chick body mass) were collected from nest boxes placed in the four forest types. The censuses indicated a higher abundance index of Great Tit and its food competitors in the mixed and broadleaf forest, when compared to the monoculture plantations. Occupancy rate of nest boxes was not directly related with tit abundance due to differences in the availability of natural nest cavities among forest types, and differences in preference for nesting cavities among tit species. However, a Great Tit abundance index gave similar results to the densities described in the literature, except for the Great Tit in the Eucalyptus plantations where the placement of the nest boxes should explain our value of 2.1 birds ha1, which is four times higher than that reported for other Eucalyptus plantations. Egg volume differed significantly among forest types; it was higher in the pine plantations and lower in the Eucalyptus plantations. Surprisingly, all other breeding parameters (laying date, clutch size, chick body mass, hatching and fledgling success) were similar among forest types and between years. On the other hand the number of eggs, hatchlings and fledglings were lower than those obtained in other studies in the Iberian Peninsula. Our results suggest that Great Tits have a high plasticity that enables them to adjust their breeding strategies even to forest plantations, if nest sites are available.
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