Hairy root disease is caused by the infection of wounded higher plants with Agrobacterium rhizogenes. Transformation of tissues or plants with A. rhizogenes, and with rol genes, as well as hairy roots may produce alterations in the plant secondary metabolism. H₂O₂ and other ROS are involved as a signal in secondary metabolite production pathway and play a key role in plant defensive reactions. In this work, the effect of A. rhizogenes T-DNA on nicotine content, antioxidant enzymes activity, H₂O₂ production, pattern of peroxidase (POX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) isozymes in hairy roots and regenerated plants were studied. Rise in SOD and POX activities in the transformed lines of TRa and TRb and in the resultant regenerated plants, also the decreased level of H₂O₂ in them, compared with the untransformed lines indicates that, the T-DNA genes expression of A. rhizogenes probably decreases H₂O₂ level by increasing the production of antioxidant enzymes. Decrees the level of H₂O₂ content in TRc line in spite of the similarity of antioxidant enzyme activity in comparison with normal root, indicate that A. rhizogenes activate other mechanisms except SOD and POX enzyme for reducing H₂O₂ level.
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