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The behavioural reactions of 110 female bank voles Clethrionomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780) to male chemosignals were studied in a 10 min two-choice preference test. Females spent more time investigating odours from the anogenital region of intact males and these contacts were much more frequent than in the case of castrated male. Male urine and homogenate of the salivary glands, kidney and preputial glands were very attractive to females. The extract of the liver, testes and seminal vesicles and coagulating glands had no effect on female behaviour. These findings indicate that the male chemosignals which attract females have a multiple source.
The oldest oil field in the world, located in the Polish Carpathian Mountains, is ending its production activity. Former mines and distilleries have become technological heritage sites, and many structures are in need of revitalisation. Post-industrial tourism presents an opportunity for rescuing industrial heritage and protecting the natural environment. The focus of this article is on the mining and oil industry traditions in the Polish Carpathian Mountains, and the region’s heritage is evaluated in terms of tourist attraction. The authors concentrate on the possibilities of using oil routes for post-industrial tourism as a means to revitalise post-industrial sites and ensure sustainable development for the region. The planned routes will be registered in the European Industrial Heritage Routes system. A SWOT analysis was conducted for the Carpathian oil route, and attention was drawn to the benefits for the natural environment and local communities resulting from the creation of tourist routes.
The influence of chemical cues from conspecifics on female bank voles Clethrio­nomys glareolus (Schreber, 1780) activity was investigated in a 10 min behavioural test. The role of the main olfactory and vomeronasal systems in mediating chemicals which alter female activity was also studied. Total activity scored higher in females exposed to the scent of dominant male or adult male urine. The odour of subordinate male, castrated male and female urine had no effect on female activity. Bulbectomy but not vomeronasalectomy decreased female activity in the presence of an adult male. The results are discussed in terms of possible biological functions of such behaviour.
Comparative analysis of antioxidant capacity was performed using FRAP and DPPH methods on extracts containing carotenoids acquired from fruits of Sea buckthorn. The examination included nine varieties of Sea buckthorn growing in the comparative cultivation. Conducted analysis allowed to compare the antioxidant capacity with carotenoids content measured with spectrophotometric and HPLC methods. Three of the examined cultivars indicating high antioxidant activity in both, FRAP and DPPH methods, also revealed highest ('Aromatnaya') and high ('Botanicheskaya', 'Arumnyj') total carotenoids content in HPLC analysis.
Salicylic acid is one of the regulatory compounds involved in numerous processes in plants. Previous studies indicated that also its halogen derivatives may exhibit similar roles. The aim of the work was to evaluate the influence of iododerivatives of salicylic acid such as: 5-iodosalicylc acid (5I-SA) and 3,5-diiodosalicylic acid (3,5diI-SA) on selected aspects of antioxidant capacity of tomato seedlings. The efficiency of improving iodine accumulation in tomato seedlings was also studied. No tested organoiodine compound had a negative effect on the growth and development of tomato seedlings. The presence of iodosalicylic acids in the nutrient solution led to a decrease of the content of salicylic acid, ascorbic acid and phenolic compounds in tomato seedlings. A modifying effect of tested organoiodine compounds on the antioxidant activity of tomato seedling extracts varied with respect to analyzed enzyme and applied assays. It has been confirmed that higher plants can take up and accumulate iodine from organoiodine compounds in levels not causing any symptoms of toxicity.
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