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The aims of the paper are to present a list of vascular plants of the Wzgórza Łomnickie Hills (the Sudety Mts., SW Poland) and to explain the nature and consequences of main antropogenic and biogeographic influences on local flora. The detailed field exploration yielded a list of 585 species. Supplemented by both published sources and observations after 1980, the total number of vascular plant species reached the number of 615. To understand the essence of anthropogenic transformations of the local flora I examined biological spectrum of life forms, distribution type and groups of synanthropic plant contributions. The analysis shows qualitative and quantitative changes of flora composition. Non-indigenous species constitute 18.70% of total. The proportion among life form groups has changed and is being influenced by different types of human activity. The comparision of the local floras within similar regions in the Sudety Mts. revealed transformations in the contribution of different taxonomic units. It is the effect of the presence of numerous alien plants (e.g. non-indigenous species respectively constitute 40.7% and 20% of Brassicaceae and Scrophulariaceae) as well as a particular type of land usage (ponds development has considerably increased the percentage of Cyperaceae).
The short note presents information on newly discovered locality of Carex pendula in the "Buki Sudeckie" nature reserve in the Kaczawa Mts. (the Sudetes, SW Poland). The species is rare and considered endangered (EN) in the Sudetes. The phytosociological relevé is given to describe occupied plant community.
Two main typological systems (forest habitat types and phytosociological classification) are used in forest research in Poland. The paper presents relationships between forest associations and forest habitat types in mountain environment of the Promotional Forest Complex ‘Sudety Zachodnie' (SW Poland). The results show that the link between these two topological systems is rather weak and ambiguous. This has strong implications for nature conservation in Poland, where forestry databases are widely used for inventories of protected habitats (in the sense of Habitat Directive).
The paper brings a new record about Dark Red Helleborine Epipactis atrorubens (Hoffm.) Besser in the Karkonosze (the Sudetes, NW Poland). The new site is situated 3 km to the west of the center of Szklarska Porêba, at the foot of Czerwone Skałki Mt., 775 m a.s.l. Two flowering and three vegetative ramets were observed here in July 2009. It grows on a small rocky escarpment between the local road and the railway. A long distance from the known localities and the site properties suggest that the newly discovered population may be of an anthropogenic origin. Distribution map of all known localities of E. atrorubens in Lower Silesia is also presented. The population is endangered because of isolation and a small number of specimens. The main threatening factors are anthropogenic impacts and succession. Any repair work, as well as sprinkling the road with salt in the winter, may destroy the population.
Galium taurinum is a submediterranean species, primarily not occurring in Poland. An anthropogenic stand of the species was noticed in Michałowice near Piechowice in the Karkonosze Mts. G. taurinum grows there in area of 10 m2 in nitrophilous ring community with domination of Urtica dioica, population consists of about 1000 stems. The species is frost resistant and it produces flowers, but fails to produce seeds. Slow expansion of the species is realized in vegetative way by creeping rhizomes.
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