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The influence of fatty-acid amide hydrolase inhibitors on memory-related behaviors provoked by cholinergic receptor ligands in mice

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Kruk-Slomka M., Dzik A., Slomka T., Biala G.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2019
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tom 79
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nr Suppl.1
INTRODUCTION: The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is composed of cannabinoid (CB: CB1 and CB2) receptors and endocannabinoids, which are degraded by fatty acid hydrolase (FAAH) and monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL). Thus, the function of the ECS might be modulated in a direct way, through CB receptor ligands or indirectly by FAAH and MAGL inhibitors. The ECS system is involved in many physiological functions, also through interaction with many systems. The cholinergic system plays a crucial role in memory processes. A connection with the ECS, especially CB and cholinergic receptor ligands, is supported by a large body of research. However, the influence of the ECS through an indirect manner in the context of cognitive processes remains poorly understood. AIM(S): The aim of the study was to evaluate the indirect influence of ECS, using of FAAH (URB 597) and MAGL (JZL 184) inhibitors, on memory related effects provoked by cholinergic receptor ligands, a cholinergic receptor agonist, nicotine, and a cholinergic receptor antagonist, scopolamine, in mice. METHOD(S): We assessed different memory stages using the passive avoidance (PA) test. A deficit in PA performance was expressed as the difference between retention and training latencies and is taken as an index of latency (IL). RESULTS: Co-administration of non-effective dose of JZL 184 (4 mg/kg), but not URB 597 (0.1 mg/kg), with a non‑effective dose of nicotine (0.05 mg/kg) enhanced both acquisition and consolidation of memory in the PA test in mice. An acute injection of JZL 184 (4 mg/kg) attenuated pro‑cognitive effects induced by effective dose of nicotine (0.1 mg/kg). In turn, co‑administration of URB (0.1 mg), but not JZL 184 (4 mg/kg), with scopolamine (1 mg/kg) attenuated the scopolamine-induced memory impairment in the PA test in mice CONCLUSIONS: The present findings clearly indicate that the ECS, through an indirect manner, modulates memory processes, especially those in which cholinergic pathways are implicated.
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Behavioral and biochemical effects of acutely administered MDMA in animal models

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Budzynska B., Boguszewska-Cubara A., Kruk-Slomka M., Biala G.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2014
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tom 74
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nr 3
3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ‘ecstasy’), a potent monoamine-releaser that is widely used as a recreational drug. Hence, understanding the effects and mechanisms of MDMA is of immense importance for the public health in the world. We examined how an acute dose of MDMA affects memory and learning processes, anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in female Swiss mice as well as oxidative processes in brain. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of MDMA (20–0.1 mg/kg, ip) in the forced swim test (FST), elevated plus maze (EPM) and passive avoidance (PA) paradigm in mice. At first, we showed that MDMA at the doses of 10 and 2.5 mg/kg exhibited a significant reduction of immobility time in the FST, indicating the antidepressant-like activity. In the second series of our experiment, we demonstrated that MDMA at the doses of 5 and 2.5 mg/kg improved consolidation of memory processes in PA test. Also, this compound showed strong anxiogenic effect at the range of doses (20–0.5 mg/kg). MDMA at the higher doses (20-5 mg/kg) enhanced oxidative stress, expressed as superoxide dismutase activity, ascorbic acid concentration and malondialdehyde level, within brain, whereas its lower doses did not affect measured parameters. Taken together, these data suggest an anxiogenic-like, antidepresive and procognitive in consolidation trial effects of acute MDMA treatment. The results of our study also showed the influence of MDMA on the oxidative stress processes in the brain.
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The involvement of the CB2 agonist in the behavioral and biochemical effects in the experimental animal models

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Kruk-Slomka M., Budzynska B., Boguszewska-Cubara A., Biala G.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2014
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tom 74
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nr 3
Cannabinoids are implicated in regulation of variety emotions through the type 1 (CB1) and type 2 (CB2) receptors. Our pharamcological interests have been focused on the effects of CB2 receptor selective ligands in the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD) which is associated with memory-loss, phobia, depression as well as oxidative processes in brain. We examined the impact of CB2 agonist: JWH-133 in mice using passive avoidance (PA) test to measure memory-related responses, elevated plus maze (EPM) test to measure anxiety-related behavior and forced swimming test (FST) to measure depression-related responses. Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and lipids peroxidation level, expressed as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, were measured in homogenates of brain. Our findings revealed that a single injection of JWH-133 improved memory in PA, had an anxiogenic effects in EPM, antidepressant effects in FST and slightly increased total antioxidant capacity but did not affect lipids peroxidation level in brain. CB2 ligands could become a new pharmacological alternative in treatment of AD which is associated not only with emotional-related disorders but also with oxidative stress.
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Hyperoside isolated from Impatiens glandulifera Royle alleviates depressive and anxiety-like responses in a mouse model of posttraumatic stress disorder

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Orzelska-Gorka J., Szewczyk K., Kedzierska E., Glowacka E., Kruk-Slomka M., Biala G.
Acta Neurobiologiae Experimentalis
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2019
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tom 79
|
nr Suppl.1
INTRODUCTION: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a chronic and prevalent psychiatric condition that may develop following exposure to traumatic events. Depressive symptoms and anxiety belong to the most frequent symptoms observed in PTSD patients. Less than 30% of PTSD patients achieve full remission with the use of available drugs. For this purpose, there is a clear need to develop more efficient and safer drugs as alternative and/or complimentary therapy for PTSD. Hyperoside (HYP) is one of the polyphenols found in Impatiens glandulifera. Our previous experiments showed that HYP exerted antidepressant effects, both after acute and chronic (14 days) treatment in mice in the forced swimming test (FST; data not published). AIM(S): The present study aimed to investigate the effect of HYP on the behavioural impairments (depression and anxiety) induced by a mouse single prolonged stress (mSPS) – a rodent model of PTSD. METHOD(S): mSPS protocol: mice were exposed to a series of short stressors. In particular, they were restrained for 2 h in a Plexiglas tubes (50 ml), placed in glass beakers and immersed in water (23‑25°C) for a group swim (10 min). Then, they were exposed to a beaker of soiled bedding taken from cages of rats (15 min), and at the end, they were exposed to anhydrous diethyl ether until they lost consciousness (approx. 2 – 3 min). Seven days after exposure to SPS, the administration of substances was started (during next 14 days). Then, animals were subjected to behavioural tests, including the elevated plus-maze test (EPM), measurement of locomotion, and FST. RESULTS: Mice given chronically HYP (3.75 and 7.5 mg/kg) after exposure to mSPS exhibited a reduction of immobility time in FST, and more open arm entries and longer open arms duration in EPM without affecting locomotor activity as compared to control‑mSPS group. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our results suggested the potential of HYP in alleviating the mSPS-induced depressive and anxiety‑like responses.
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The influence of bilberry fruit on memory and the expression of parvalbumin in the rat hippocampus

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Borowiec K., Matysek M., Szwajgier D., Biala G., Kruk-Slomka M., Szalak R., Zietek J., Arciszewski M. B., Targonski Z.
Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences
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2019
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tom 22
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nr 3
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