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Topsoil magnetic susceptibility measurements (κ) are used for the fast and effective assessment of soil pollution by heavy metals, the result of industrial and urban dust deposition. Those areas with a high content of anthropogenic magnetic particles in the soil, which as a result exhibits enhanced topsoil magnetic susceptibility, are areas potentially contaminated with heavy metals. While taking the measurements and during further data interpretation it is important to include some additional sampling factors that can influence the measured value. The aim of this study wasto verify the hypothesis of the influence of a forest stand on the magnetic signal measured in forest topsoil, as well as the influence of the thickness of the organic layer on the surface κ measurement. The study was based on data from 830 regional measurements. Furthermore, 620 values measured at a local site were used to validate the results obtained using the regional data set. The results showed that soil surface magnetic susceptibility measured in deciduous forests and in deciduous with coniferous admixtures was statistically higher than those measured in coniferous forests. The data also revealed that thick organic horizon slightly decrease the κ valuemeasured on the soil surface. However, there is no direct relationship between the measured κ valuesand the occurrence of a tree stand, instead there is a more complex influx of natural (pedological,geological) and methodological (measurement preferences) features.
Topsoil values of magnetic susceptibility (ĸ) were measured in forests of many mountain ranges of Southern Poland. The measurements were done directly on the soil surface and also in vertical profiles up to 30 cm depth. The aim of this study was interpretation of obtained ĸ data in respect to their natural or anthropogenic origin. For this purpose in 9 samples coming from 3 topsoil cores, representing 3 different soil horizons with enhanced ĸ values an additional magneto-mineralogical analysis were performed. On the base of some key magnetic parameters (ₓ , SIRM, HCR, S) the characterization of form and grain size of magnetic particles causing the enhanced ĸ values in study soil horizons was done. On the most of study areas the ĸ values were low, indicating the lack or low content of anthropogenic magnetic particles coming from urban and industrial dust deposition. Their presence in higher concentration was indicated in soils from Silesian Beskids and Little Beskids as well as in Wałbrzych area. To some degree it was also observed in western part of Żywiec Beskids.
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