Rectal prolapse (prolapsus recti) in swine is relatively common. Factors influencing the development of this phenomenon are described in literature: infections (Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae, swine flu, salmonellosis, spirochetosis, adenomatosis, colibacteriosis, parasites), environmental factors (too low temperature, excessive number of animals), nutritional (fiber deficiency, hypovitaminosis E, excess of lysine, feed containing mycotoxins), genetic (the gene responsible for rectal prolapse – P), pharmacological (tylosin, lincomycin, florfenicol), technological (grouping of sows, low birth mass of piglets, too short pruning of tails in piglets). The paper describes the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment, including minimally-invasive and surgical procedures. The authors’ modification of the treatment is presented too