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Zearalenone-induced changes in the lymphoid tissue and mucosal nerve fibers in the porcine ileum

100%

Obremski K., Gonkowski S., Wojtacha P.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2015

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tom 18

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nr 2

This is the first study to examine zearalenone-(ZEN) induced changes in the immune system of the ileum and substance P-(SP-) and vasoactive intestinal peptide-(VIP-) immunoreactive nerve fibers in the mucosa, which participate in the regulation of intestinal functions under physiological conditions and during pathological processes. The aim of this study was also to identify potential relationships between selected immune and neural elements in ileal Peyer's patches in pigs that were and were not exposed to ZEN. The experiment was performed on 10 prepubertal gilts divided into two groups: the experimental group (n=5) where ZEN was administered at 0.1 mg kg-1 feed day-1 for 42 days, and the control group (n=5) which was administered a placebo. The tissue levels of cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay which revealed elevated concentrations of IL-12/23 40p and IL-1 ß in animals exposed to ZEN. Flow cytometry revealed a lower percentage of CD21+ lymphocytes in pigs exposed to ZEN in comparison with control animals. The tissue levels of neuropeptides were evaluated in the dot blot procedure which demonstrated higher concentrations of VIP and SP in experimental pigs. In experimental animals, numerous VIP-like immunoreactive processes were observed, and SP-immunoreactive nerve fibers formed a very dense network. Our results demonstrate for the first time that ZEN can modify the chemical coding of nerve structures in the gastrointestinal system. Those modifications can be attributed to ZEN's impact on estrogen receptors or its pro-inflammatory properties, and they reflect changes that take place in the nervous system at the transcriptional, translational and metabolic level.

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The influence of experimental administration of low zearalenone doses on the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and on selected subpopulations of lymphocytes in intestinal lymph nodes

100%

Obramski K., Wojtacha P., Podlasz P., Zmigrodzka M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2015

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tom 18

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nr 3

The aim of this study was to characterize the immune response taking place in ileocecal lymph nodes (ICLN) in control (n=15) and zearalenone (ZEN)-treated (n=15) pigs. The experiment was carried out over 42 days; a dose of 0.1 mg kg⁻¹ feed day⁻¹ of ZEN was administered to the animals. The dose used in the experiment was at a level where no adverse effects are observed (NOAEL) in the ovaries, uterus and vagina. ICLN samples for analysis were collected on the 14th, 28th and 42nd day of the experiment. The analysis of cytokine concentration in the tissues showed that pigs treated with ZEN had an increased level of cytokines produced by helper Th1 lymphocytes (IL-2, IL-12 and IFN- γ) on the 28th day of the experiment. The level of cytokines produced by helper Th2 lymphocytes (IL-4 and IL-10) was characterized by a statistically non-significant upward trend, as compared with the control group. Flow cytometry showed a linear decrease in the percentage of CD21+ B, CD2+ T and CD4+CD8- T cells and an increase in the percentage of CD8+CD4- and TCRγδ + T cells in pigs treated with ZEN. Both ZEN and α-ZEL (α-zearalenone) concentrations increased over time in the liver, but only ZEN concentration increased in ICLN. The results obtained demonstrate that a NOAEL concentration of ZEN shifts the immune response in pig ICLN towards Th1/Th17, probably with a simultaneous activation of M1 macrophages. Moreover, we observed an increase in humoral cytokine secretion; this can be explained by a negative feedback loop and a phenotypic switch of macrophages from M1 to M2, as well as a switch of immune response from Th1 to Th2 type. ZEN can therefore influence the process of cytokine secretion and the percentage of lymphocytes in ileocecal lymph nodes.

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The effect of selective agonists of opioid receptors on in vitro secretion of steroid hormones by porcine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy

88%

Dziekonski M., Zmijewska A., Czelejewska W., Wojtacha P., Okrasa S.

Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology

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2018

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tom 69

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nr 5

4

Influence of glycation of wheat albumins and globulins on their immunoreactivity and physicochemical properties

76%

Bielikowicz K., Wojtacha P., Kostyra E., Iwan M., Jarmolowska B., Kostyra H.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2010

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tom 60

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nr 4

Glycation (non-enzymatic glycosylation) is a spontaneous reaction that occurs during food processing, storage and preparation of food, which can have a significant influence on physiochemical and biological properties of food proteins. Glycation has been used mostly for improvement of functional properties of proteins although there is increasing concern of possible changes in biologic properties of glycation products. The influence of dry-heat glycation with glucose on immunoreactive properties of wheat salt-soluble proteins has been studied. It has been shown that glycation caused differences in electrophoretic patterns (both 1D and 2D), as well as in Western-immunoblotting with rabbit IgG and human IgE. A significant increase in immunoreactivity has been observed, as well as a decrease in free amino group. Thermostable, immunoreactive and susceptible for glycation protein band with molecular weight of approximately 13 kDa (by SDS-PAGE) has been selected for the N-terminal sequence analysis and determined to be an alpha-amylase inhibitor. Dry heat glycation is a very potent but nondestructive method of protein glycation, that leads to high degree of substitution and changes in both physicochemical and biological (immunological) properties of food proteins.

5

The feasibility of the CD271+ and CD271– mesenchymal stromal cell enrichment toward nucleus pulposus-like cells

76%

Jezierska-Wozniak K., Barczewska M., Habich A., Wojtacha P., Badowska W., Maksymowicz W., Wojtkiewicz J.

Folia Histochemica et Cytobiologica

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2017

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tom 55

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nr 3

6

The effect of T-2 toxin on percentages of CD4plus, CD8plus, CD4plusCD8plus and CD21plus lymphocytes, and mRNA expression levels of selected cytokines in porcine ileal Peyer’s patches

52%

Obremski K., Podlasz P., Zmigrodzka M., Winnicka A., Wozny M., Brzuzan P., Jakimiuk E., Wojtacha P., Gajecka M., Zielonka L., Gajecki M.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

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2013

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tom 16

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nr 2

The immune system is one of the main toxicity targets of the T-2 toxin. In view of scant research data demonstrating the effect of T-2 on cellular and humoral responses in gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT), this study set out to investigate the effects of chronic exposure to low doses of the T-2 toxin (200 μg T-2 toxin kg⁻¹ feed) on percentages of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes, CD4⁺/CD8⁺ double-positive T lymphocytes, CD21⁺ B cells, and IL-2, IFN-γ, IL-4 and IL-10 mRNA expression levels in porcine ileal Peyer’s patches. The investigated material comprised ileum sections sampled from piglets (aged 8-10 weeks, body weight of 15-18 kg) on days 14, 28 and 42 of the experiment. After 42 days of exposure to T-2, a significant drop in the quantity of the IL-10 product was observed (R=0.94; S.E. 0.49-0.79; p<0.001). A gradual decrease in the amount of IL-4 and IFN-γ cytokine transcripts was found throughout the experiment, but the reported trend was not significant. On experimental days 14 and 42, a significant increase in the percentage of CD8⁺ T lymphocytes was observed in comparison with the control (p=0.04 and p=0.05, respectively), whereas on day 28, a significant decrease in the percentage of the above subpopulation was noted (p=0.00). The percentage of CD21⁺ B cells in the experimental group decreased steadily in comparison with the control, and the observed drop was significant on days 28 and 42 (p=0.06 and p=0.00, respectively). On days 14 and 28, the percentages of CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ T lymphocytes were lower in the experimental animals than in the control group, and the drop reported on day 28 was statistically significant (p=0.03).

Ograniczanie wyników

Zearalenone-induced changes in the lymphoid tissue and mucosal nerve fibers in the porcine ileum

The influence of experimental administration of low zearalenone doses on the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and on selected subpopulations of lymphocytes in intestinal lymph nodes

The effect of selective agonists of opioid receptors on in vitro secretion of steroid hormones by porcine endometrium during the estrous cycle and early pregnancy

Influence of glycation of wheat albumins and globulins on their immunoreactivity and physicochemical properties

The feasibility of the CD271+ and CD271– mesenchymal stromal cell enrichment toward nucleus pulposus-like cells

The effect of T-2 toxin on percentages of CD4plus, CD8plus, CD4plusCD8plus and CD21plus lymphocytes, and mRNA expression levels of selected cytokines in porcine ileal Peyer’s patches