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Sustainable micropropagation of selected Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni genotypes

100%
Kaplan B., Duraklioglu S., Turgut K.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2019
|
tom 18
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nr 6
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial plant belonging to Asteraceae family and its leaves contain steviol glycosides (SGs) that are 150 to 300 times sweeter than sucrose. The sweeteners obtained from S. rebaudiana can be safely used by diabetics as insulin secretion is not required during digestion of this sweetener. As it has zero calories, it is also used in diet products. Adaptation studies for Stevia conducted in Antalya, Turkey have shown that the stevia plant could easily be cultivated as a perennial. However, the lack of a sustainable vegetative propagation method creates a significant problem for stevia production. In the generatively populations, homogeneity and therefore quality are decreased because of cross-pollination. Stevia, as a self-incompatible and cross-pollinated species, has been shown to have very high genetic diversity. Therefore, development of a sustainable in vitro propagation method to prevent genetic heterogeneity of selected varieties is crucial for stevia cultivation. The aim of this study was to evaluate 2 different gelling agents (plant agar and Gelrite) and 20 different growth regulators combinations. The results demonstrated an approximately 200-fold multiplication rate obtained within 13 weeks using MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg·dm–3 BAP and 0.25 mg·dm–3 kinetin and solidified with Gelrite. Average stevioside and rebaudioside A contents in in vitro propagated plant samples were found to be 8.1% and 8.6%, respectively.
2
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The potential application of Origanum dubium Boiss. essential oil as a seed protectant against bean and tomato seed-borne bacterial pathogens

88%
Basim H., Turgut K., Kaplan B., Basim E., Turgut A.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2019
|
tom 18
|
nr 3
Origanum dubium is a valuable wild oregano species of the natural flora of Antalya, Turkey. In this study, we extracted essential oil (EO) by hydro-distillation of the aerial parts of selected O. dubium chemotype with highest EO content, and analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Carvacrol was the primary component (85.9%) among 24 different compounds in the EO. The volatile test showed minimum inhibitory effect of the EO against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli var. fuscans, and Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato, at 309, 303, 318, 254, and 901 µL/mL, respectively. A 1-hour treatment of bean and tomato seeds in the volatile phase of the EO effectively sterilized the seeds from bacterial pathogens without inhibiting their germination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study on the potential for the use of O. dubium EO as a seed protectant against bean and tomato seed-borne bacterial pathogens.
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