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Molecular detection and therapeutic study of Trypanosoma brucei evansi from naturally infected horses in Punjab, Pakistan

100%

Zahoor J., Kashif M., Nasir A., Bakhsh M., Qamar M. F., Sikandar A., Rehman A.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2022

tom 25

nr 3

Trypanosomiasis is one of the severe pathogenic infections, caused by several Trypanosoma species, affecting both animals and humans, causing substantial economic losses and severe illness. The objective of this study was to determine the molecular diagnosis and the risk factors associated with trypanosomiasis in District Jhang, Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, blood samples were randomly collected from 200 horses. A predesigned questionnaire was used to collect data on risk factors before the sample collection. The microscopy examination through Giemsa staining, formol gel test and PCR techniques were used to find the prevalence. The prevalence was recorded as 22.5% with microscopy examination, 21% through formol gel test and 15.5% with PCR based results. Analysis of risk factors associated with Trypanosoma brucei evansi occurrence was carried out using Chi-square test. It showed the prevalence of Trypanosoma brucei evansi was significantly (p<0.05) associated with sex, age, rearing purpose and body condition whereas non-significantly (p>0.05) with insects control practices. This study supports the idea that PCR is a sensitive, robust and more reliable technique to diagnose trypanosomiasis. It was concluded that Trypanosoma brucei evansi is widely prevalent in Jhang (Pakistan), highlighting a dire need to develop control strategies and education programmes to control this disease in developing countries.

Incidence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli of avifauna origin in Pakistan

84%

Saeed M. A., Waheed U., Ehtisham-ul-Haque S., Khan A. U., Kashif M., Qamar M. F., Ghafoor A., Saqlain M., Asghar J.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2023

tom 26

nr 1

Members of Enterobacteriaceae are known to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) which hydrolyze the beta-lactam group of antibiotics. The existence of ESBL-producing Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) harbored by urban avifauna was investigated in this study. Dropping samples (n= 180) were collected from six different bird species in the district Jhang, Punjab province, Pakistan. Isolation and identification of ESBL isolates were made by using cefotaxime- (4 mg/L) supplemented MacConkey agar and double disc synergy test (DDST). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed for the detection of four different ESBL genes including blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaSHV and blaOXA. A total of 42.69% isolates were confirmed as ESBL via DDST including 30.64% S. enterica and 49.54% E. coli. The incidence of ESBL S. enterica and ESBL E. coli was found highest in egret (Ardea alba) and pigeon (Columba livia) as 64.28% and 78.95%, respectively. The blaCTX-M gene was detected in 57.89% and 64.81% of isolates of S. enterica and E. coli, respectively. Among other genes in S. enterica and E. coli, blaTEM (21.05%, 20.4%); blaSHV (15.78%, 9.26%), and blaOXA (5.26%, 5.56%) were detected, respectively. All of the tested isolates were found resistant to at least one of the thirteen antimicrobial agents except meropenem. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study reporting the incidence and genetic diversity of ESBL bacteria associated with urban avifauna in Pakistan. The urban avifauna can serve as a potential subject of bio-surveillance to monitor the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria.

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in Bahawalpur district of South Punjab, Pakistan

84%

Nadeem A., Nasir A., Rehman A. U., Kashif M., Rahman A. U., Hussain A., Sarwar M., Saeed M. A., Reichel M., Gonzalez J. P.

Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

2025

tom 28

nr 1

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) is a viral infectious disease that affects cattle and causes signifcant economic losses, particularly in low and medium income countries, where livestock is often the main source of income for small-scale farmers and rural communities. In the last few years, the disease has become widespread in several countries in Asia, including Pakistan. The present cross-sectional study aimed to determine the seroprevalence and molecular characteristics of LSD virus (LSDV) among cattle in the Bahawalpur district (Pakistan), while identifying potential associated risk factors. A total of 400 serum samples were collected from cattle and analysed using a commercial ELISA kit to determine seroprevalence. Additionally, 12 skin scrapping samples of cattle were collected from sick animals to detect and characterize the currently potentially circulating LSDV strains using PCR, targeting the P32 gene. The overall LSD seroprevalence among cattle was found to be 38.0%, with significant variation observed between different geographical areas of the Bahawalpur district, showing the highest prevalence of 46.2% in Yazman Tehsil. Age and feeding system were identified as significant risk factors for LSD occurrence in cattle. The genetic analysis revealed a high genomic similarity between the LSDV strain sequences reported in Asian and Middle Eastern countries. The P32 gene phylogenetic analysis further confirmed the close relationship between LSDV sequences from Pakistan and vaccine strains of sheep and goat pox viruses. The present study provides important baseline information for an understanding of the epidemiology and characterisation of LSDV enzootic strains in Pakistan, and highlights the need for effective disease control strategies, including vaccination campaigns, particularly in disease-endemic regions.

Ograniczanie wyników

3 Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences

3 Kashif M.

2 Nasir A.

2 Qamar M. F.

2 Saeed M. A.

1 Asghar J.

1 Bakhsh M.

1 Ehtisham-ul-Haque S.

1 Ghafoor A.

1 Gonzalez J. P.

1 Hussain A.

1 Khan A. U.

1 Nadeem A.

1 Rahman A. U.

1 Rehman A.

1 Rehman A. U.

1 Reichel M.

1 Saqlain M.

1 Sarwar M.

1 Sikandar A.

1 Waheed U.

1 Zahoor J.

1 2025

1 2023

1 2022

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Molecular detection and therapeutic study of Trypanosoma brucei evansi from naturally infected horses in Punjab, Pakistan

Incidence and molecular characterization of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli of avifauna origin in Pakistan

Seroprevalence and molecular characterization of lumpy skin disease virus in Bahawalpur district of South Punjab, Pakistan