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Vascularisation of the geniculate ganglion

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Dozic A., Cetkovic M., Marinkovic S., Mitrovic D., Grujicic M., Micovic M., Milisavljevic M.

Folia Morphologica

2014

tom 73

nr 4

Background: Lack of the relevant data in the literature and possible clinical significance of the geniculate ganglion vasculature inspired us to examine the vessels of this ganglion. Materials and methods: Twelve temporal bones were taken during autopsy and microdissected. Four geniculate ganglions were taken as well, serially sectioned and used for haematoxylin-eosin and trichrome staining, and for CD34 immunostaining. Results: The geniculate ganglion was supplied by the petrosal artery, which averaged 1.1 in number, 0.44 mm in the outer diameter, 0.24 mm in the luminal diameter, and 17.1 mm in length. The artery approached the greater petrosal nerve, giving off 1–3 twigs to it with a mean diameter of 24 µm, and entered the nerve hiatus or a small bone opening close to the ganglion. Before the artery continued to the tympanic segment of the facial nerve, it gave rise to 1 (8.33%), 2 (75.00%) or 3 (16.67%) branches to the geniculate ganglion, which ranged in diameter between 18 µm and 56 µm (mean 29 µm). From the formed superficial network, several twigs penetrated the ganglion and built an intraganglionic plexus. The counting, performed in microscopic fields, each measuring 341.7 µm × 250.0 µm in size, contained between 20 and 38 (mean 28.1) ganglion cells, as well as from 87 to 143 microvessels (mean 99.8), so that the neuron/vessel ratio was 1:3.6. Conclusions: This is the first detailed examination of the geniculate ganglion vasculature. The obtained data could be of clinical importance, especially in relation to the Bell’s palsy, ganglionitis, geniculate neuralgia, petrous bone imaging, and operations in the same region. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 4: 414–421)

Brain and art: illustrations of the cerebral convolutions. A review

84%

Lazic D., Marinkovic S., Tomic I., Mitrovic D., Starcevic A., Milic I., Grujicic M., Markovic B.

Folia Morphologica

2014

tom 73

nr 3

Background: Aesthetics and functional significance of the cerebral cortical relief gave us the idea to find out how often the convolutions are presented in fine art, and in which techniques, conceptual meaning and pathophysiological aspect. Materials and methods: We examined 27,614 artworks created by 2,856 authors and presented in art literature, and in Google images search. Results: The cerebral gyri were shown in 0.85% of the artworks created by 2.35% of the authors. The concept of the brain was first mentioned in ancient Egypt some 3,700 years ago. The first artistic drawing of the convolutions was made by Leonardo da Vinci, and the first colour picture by an unknown Italian author. Rembrandt van Rijn was the first to paint the gyri. Dozens of modern authors, who are professional artists, medical experts or designers, presented the cerebral convolutions in drawings, paintings, digital works or sculptures, with various aesthetic, symbolic and metaphorical connotation. Some artistic compositions and natural forms show a gyral pattern. The convolutions, whose cortical layers enable the cognitive functions, can be affected by various disorders. Some artists suffered from those disorders, and some others presented them in their artworks. Conclusions: The cerebral convolutions or gyri, thanks to their extensive cortical mantle, are the specific morphological basis for the human mind, but also the structures with their own aesthetics. Contemporary authors relatively often depict or model the cerebral convolutions, either from the aesthetic or conceptual aspect. In this way, they make a connection between the neuroscience and fine art. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 3: 247–258)

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Folia Morphologica

2 Grujicic M.

2 Marinkovic S.

2 Mitrovic D.

1 Cetkovic M.

1 Dozic A.

1 Lazic D.

1 Markovic B.

1 Micovic M.

1 Milic I.

1 Milisavljevic M.

1 Starcevic A.

1 Tomic I.

2 2014

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Vascularisation of the geniculate ganglion

Brain and art: illustrations of the cerebral convolutions. A review