The aim of this work was to show how gibberellic acid (GA₃) affects growth, metal biosorption, and the content of essential metabolites (cell number, proteins, monosaccharides, chlorophyll a and b, and total carotenoids) in unicellular green algae Chlorella vulgaris treated with lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) during 3 days of culture. Under the influence of 10⁻⁵ M GA₃, algal cells bioaccumulated and bioconcentrated toxic metals from nutrient medium in a dose- and exposure-dependent manner. Moreover, this phytohormone protected C. vulgaris against Pb and Cd stress at a range of low concentrations 10⁻⁷-10⁻⁶ M inducing the increase in cell number and protein, photosynthetic pigment, and monosaccharide content in the culture. However, GA₃ was not able to minimize the harmful effects of the highest dose (10⁻⁴ M) of Cd and Pb, because growth inhibition and reduction in metabolite level was observed. The data suggest that GA₃ plays an important role in the growth and metabolism of microalgae C. vulgaris exposed to heavy metal stress and its adaptation ability to a low-level polluted aquatic environment.
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