In the perspective of accession to the EU, the Romanian dairy sector will have to comply with the EU norms and standards. Institutional capacity building, the creation and operation of certain specific market structures, sector revamping until the accession moment represent a priority objective of the domestic agricultural policy. The calculations regarding the EU direct support reveal that Romania will need additional funding sources in order to cover the needs in relation to the allocated milk quota. In Romania, raw milk accounts for only 7% of the total value of food industry. What is characteristic for Romania is the prevalence of small-sized farms, the privatization process being completed in 99% of cases. Another important characteristic is the high share of self-consumption, i.e. 41% and the low share of deliveries to processing units, i.e. 20%. The level of investments in this sector followed the general trends manifested throughout the whole agrifood sector, with a low share of foreign capital investments.