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1

Phosphorus adsorption capacity evaluation for the substrates used in constructed wetland systems: a comparative study

100%
Dai H., Hu F.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2017
|
tom 26
|
nr 3
To provide a selection criteria to choose substrates according to the quality of the water requiring treatment in constructed wetlands (CWs), phosphorus (P) adsorption properties of four quartz sands with different physicochemical characteristics and four substrates commonly used in CWs were tested and evaluated via both the Langmuir and Freundlich equations. The effects of organic maters (OM) on P adsorption capacities of the substrates were also studied to evaluate the practical values of the substrates. The Langmuir sorption isotherm was used to estimate the P adsorption capacities of the tested substrates in CWs. Overall, the maximum P adsorption for all of the tested substrates decreased as follows: furnace slag > ceramic > zeolite > activated carbon > quartz quartz sands. The P adsorption capacities were significantly influenced by grain size; specific surface area; Fe, Al, Mg, and Ca contents in the substrates; and the amount of added OM. The chemical precipitation of P by the substrates containing Fe was more effective than those containing Ca at the same level. Added OM impacts P sorption by influencing pH, and substrates containing higher Fe and Al concentrations and lower Ca concentrations were more resistant to decreases in the P adsorption capacities due to OM accumulation. Finally, a principle for selecting substrates for the treatment of wastewater with different characteristics was determined.
2

Jasmonic acid-induced hydrogen peroxide activates MEK1/2 in upregulating the redox states of ascorbate and glutathione in wheat leaves

80%
Dai H., Jia G., Shan C.
Acta Physiologiae Plantarum
|
2015
|
tom 37
|
nr 10
We studied the relationship between hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and MEK1/2 in jasmonic acid (JA) signaling in regulating the redox states of ascorbate (AsA) and glutathione (GSH). JA increased H2O2 production, MEK1/ 2 phosphorylation, the transcription levels and activities of AsA and GSH metabolic enzymes (APX, GR, DHAR, MDHAR, GalLDH and γ-ECS), AsA and GSH contents, and the redox states of AsA and GSH (ratios of AsA/DHA and GSH/GSSG). Above increases were inhibited by applications of H2O2 synthesis inhibitor DPI and scavenger DMTU. However, applications of MEK1/2 inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 had no significant effect on JA-induced H2O2 production. Treatments with exogenous H2O2 also increased MEK1/2 phosphorylation, the transcription levels and activities of AsA and GSH metabolic enzymes, AsA and GSH contents, and the redox states of AsA and GSH. Above increases except the transcription level and activity of γ-ECS were all suppressed by pretreatments with PD98059 and U0126. Our results suggested that Jainduced H2O2 could trigger MEK1/2 phosphorylation and activation leading to the upregulation of AsA and GSH metabolic enzymes.
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