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Bioremediation is the effective remediation technology for soils contaminated by biodegradable contamination. However, bioremediation of soils contaminated by hydrophobic compounds still remains a major challenge for the scientific and industrial world. There is still the need to develop techniques which allow an increase in bioremediation efficiency. A possible solution seems to be the stimulation of bacteria migration through the subsurface while using bioremediation. In this study a weak electric field in combination with the following bacterial strains: Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae was used to stimulate bacterial cell migration, as well as the biodegradation of crude oil contamination in soil samples. Bacterial cell migration under the influence of the weak electric field and crude oil biodegradation were estimated during the experiments. The effect of changes in electrode polarization were also included in this study. Results show that weak electric field application has a great influence on the speed and direction of bacterial migration in soil samples and biodegradation of the pollution. From the study of the application of the electric field in soil bacteria migration can be forced in the desired direction and consequently stimulate biodegradation of contamination in selected areas.
The yeast strain Candida maltosa EH 15 was used as a biological agent in the hydrocarbon and emulsified hydrocarbon biodegradation. Six different surface active compounds were used to emulsify hydrocarbons. Biodegradation degree and biomass quantity were determined daily over 7 days. The obtained results indicated the strong ability of Candida maltosa EH 15 for hydrocarbon biodegradation. The addition of the tested surfactants influenced hydrocarbon biodegradation; however, biodegradation effectiveness varies with the type and concentration of surfactant.
Biodegradation of a model mixture of hydrocarbon (dodecane and hexadecane, 1:1 w/w), as well as hydrocarbon emulsified by synthetic and natural emulsifiers, and their mixtures were analyzed in the presence of Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp. bacterial strains. Changes in surface tension were measured by the static and dynamic methods during biodegradation processes. During the biodegradation processes of hydrocarbon and emulsified hydrocarbon, various changes in surface tension were observed. In some systems, the initial decrease of surface tension after the addition of an emulsifier was greater after a few days of biodegradation. Decrease in the surface tension does not seem to be related to the degree of hydrocarbon biodegradation, both for the hydrocarbon and emulsified hydrocarbon systems.
This paper presents the biodegradation process carried out in water samples. Aliphatic hydrocarbons were degraded in the presence of the emulsifier. Non-ionic surfactant was used as the emulsifier. Two bacteria strains from the Pseudononaceae family were used in this process. We used Solid-Phase Extraction and gas chromatography for qualitative and quantitative determination of the components of the biodegradation process.
Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Xanthomonas maltophilia strains were used as biological agents in the biodegradation process of model mixture of hydrocarbons. These strains were isolated from bio- preparate „Putidoil". Qualitative identification of isolated strains was performed using an ATB computer system. A significant effectiveness of both strains against hydrocarbons was observed. The results of sensitivity tests indicate that the isolated Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain was sensitive to antibiotics.
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