Understanding the salt resistance mechanism of wild soybean is important in improving salt tolerance of cultivated soybean. Therefore, we comparatively analyzed effects of NaCl on photosynthesis, antioxidant enzyme activity, and ion distribution in a cultivated (Glycine. max) and a wild (Glycine soja) soybean to study the salt resistance mechanism of the G. soja. The results showed that more Na⁺ was accumulated in the G. soja roots than in the G. max roots, but the Na⁺ in the G. soja leaves was much less than that observed in the G. max leaves. The Na⁺ concentrations in the G. soja leaves were not high enough to affect the photosynthetic apparatus, which was demonstrated by less inhibition of photosynthetic activity, stomatal conductance, carboxylation efficiency in the G. soja leaves than in the G. max leaves after treated with different concentrations of NaCl. Meanwhile, there were no significant changes in intercellular CO₂ concentration, maximum PSII quantum yield, and relative water content in the G. soja leaves after NaCl treatment, while they significantly decreased in the G. max leaves. The nonphotochemical quenching and the activities of superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and ascorbate peroxidase (EC 1.11.1.11) in the G. soja leaves increased with the increasing of NaCl concentrations, whereas only the activity of superoxide dismutase increased in G. max leaves. Based on these results, we suggested that the G. soja is able to accumulate higher levels of Na⁺ in its roots, and prevent the transportation of Na⁺ to leaves to protect photosynthetic apparatus from salt damage.
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