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Nineteen ВАС clones were identified by hybridization of the bovine genomic ВАС library CHORI-240 with mixed CSN1S1- and CSN3-specific probes. Two of the clones were shown to contain the genes CSN1S1, CSN1S2, CSN2, STATH and CSN3, and five were proved to include the genes CSN2, STATH, CSN1S2 and CSN3. These data showed that the ВАС contig was established for the whole casein cluster, including all known five genes.
The expression of nine functional candidates for QT abdominal fat weight and relative abdominal fat content was investigated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in the liver, adipose tissue, colon, muscle, pituitary gland and brain of broilers. The high mobility group AThook 1 (HMG1A) gene was up-regulated in liver with a ratio of means of 2.90 (P≤0.01) in the «fatty» group (relative abdominal fat content 3.5±0.18%, abdominal fat weight 35.4±6.09 g) relative to the «lean» group (relative abdominal fat content 1.9±0.56%, abdominal fat weight 19.2±5.06 g). Expression of this gene was highly correlated with the relative abdominal fat content (0.70, P≤0.01) and abdominal fat weight (0.70, P≤0.01). The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARG) gene was also up-regulated in the liver with a ratio of means of 3.34 (P≤0.01) in the «fatty» group relative to the «lean» group. Correlation of its expression was significant with both the relative abdominal fat content (0.55, P≤0.05) and the abdominal fat weight (0.57, P≤0.01). These data suggest that the HMG1A and PPARG genes were candidate genes for abdominal fat deposition in chickens. Searching of rSNPs in regulatory regions of the HMG1A and PPARG genes could provide a tool for gene-assisted selection.
Six fragments were sequenced of the regulatory and coding regions of the expressed sequence ChEST985k21 (accession number CR523443), which had been shown to affect eggshell thickness.Six sites of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were found, five of them located in the regulatory region and one within the ORF. The binding sites of transcriptional factors for all obtained SNPs were revealed to be present in one allelic variant. Based on this fact they were considered as rSNPs.Genotyping of 46 Rhode Island Red birds with thick (390±13 μm) and 45 with thin eggshell (316 ± 21μm) was done. Significant difference in allelic frequency was shown of rSNPs ST2_1, ST3_1,ST3_2, ST3_3. Genotypic classes of rSNPs ST2_1, ST3_1, ST3_2, ST3_3 and ST6_1 were shown to have significantly different shell thickness. These data could probably provide a tool for markerassisted selection for optimization of egg shell thickness in Rhode Island layers.
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