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Diet of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in a protected area of Argentina: the importance of baiting

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Ballari S. A., Cuevas M. F., Ojeda R. A., Navarro J. L.

Acta Theriologica

2015

tom 60

nr 1

The wild boar is an invasive mammal in Argentina that generates habitat alteration, predation, and competition that threaten several native species due to its flexible and broad diet and its rooting behavior. We evaluated the diet of wild boar in El Palmar National Park (EPNP), assessing its composition, seasonality, and importance of baiting. Vegetable matter represented the major component of the diet, where corn was the most abundant food item, which is used as bait to hunt wild boars. Animal remains were also abundant and mostly consisted of birds. Wild boar diet exhibited marked seasonality that seems related to food availability, such as the occurrence of fruits in summer. Currently, the importance of bait in the diet could support and complement the diet of wild boar and improve their reproduction triggering the population growth. Also, the impacts on native biodiversity may be hidden due to the constant food subsidy of corn. We recommend the implementation of other control methods such as hunting with dogs or traps and the use of alternative baits, as odor baits, to avoid the supplemental feeding, or finally, if corn baiting is continuous, we suggest regulating their quantity and frequency. Further studies on wild boar diet and baiting methods should be conducted due to its multiple implications on wild boar populations and native ecosystems.

Seasonal variation in feeding habits and diet selection by wild boars in a semi-arid environment of Argentina

100%

Cuevas M. F., Ojeda R. A., Dacar M. A., Jaksic F. M.

Acta Theriologica

2013

tom 58

nr 1

The wild boar, Sus scrofa, was first introduced for hunting purposes in Argentina in 1906 and presently occupies a wide range of habitats. Understanding the food habits of invasive species is important for predicting the effects of animal food consumption on the environment and on human activities, such as farming. The wild boar is an omnivorous, opportunistic species whose diet is determined by the relative abundance of different types of foods. In general, the wild boar’s diet has been widely studied in the world, both as a native and invasive species, but little is known regarding food resource selection in the Monte Desert biome. Our study assessed the seasonal variation in the diet of wild boars, as well as the nutritional quality of consumed items. Further, we determined the diet selection of this species. Diet analyses were based on faecal samples collected over two seasons (wet and dry) in 1 year. Herbs were the most frequently consumed food item, with wild boars showing a selection for them in both seasons. The wild boar uses food resources according to seasonal availability (larger trophic niche breadth under higher plant diversity, as in the wet season). In turn, within each season, it selects items of high forage quality and high carbohydrate contents. In conclusion, this foraging strategy enables wild boar to maximize energy budget through food selection in order to survive in a semi-arid environment such as the Monte Desert.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Theriologica

2 Cuevas M. F.

2 Ojeda R. A.

1 Ballari S. A.

1 Dacar M. A.

1 Jaksic F. M.

1 Navarro J. L.

1 2015

1 2013

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Diet of wild boar (Sus scrofa) in a protected area of Argentina: the importance of baiting

Seasonal variation in feeding habits and diet selection by wild boars in a semi-arid environment of Argentina