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A new species of opecoelid trematode, Pseudopecoelus brayi sp. nov. is reported from the holocentrid fish, Myripristis kuntee collected from off Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal. The new species differs from related species by a combination of characters such as elongate body, deeply lobed gonads, tubular sinuous seminal vesicle extending up to the posterior border of ventral sucker, presence of a short cylindrical cirrus sac enclosing the cirrus and the vitelline zone extending anterior to ventral sucker. This is the 7th species of the genus to be reported from Indian marine fishes and the fifth species from holocentrid fishes. A key for separation of the species of Pseudopecoelus is given.
A new species Polylabris bengalensis (Monogenea, Microcotylidae) is described from the gills of the siganid fishes, Siganus javus and S. oramin from the coast of Visakhapatnam, Bay of Bengal, India. It most closely resembles P. mamaevi but differs in having unequal caeca terminating at different levels in the haptor, in the follicular testis forming a compact mass, in the presence of a thick layer of concentric muscles surrounding the genital atrium and in the terminal part of the male copulatory organ not recurved. The validity of various species of Polylabris recorded from siganids from different geographical regions is discussed.
The distribution of metacercariae of Posthodiplostomum grayii in a population of the larvivorous fish Aplocheilus panchax in a stream was studied during the period December 1983 through April 1986. No seasonality was noted in the flow of parasites through the host population; both the prevalence and density of infection remained high, with prevalence ranging from 81.2 to 100% and density from 6.0 to 145.2. Recruitment of the larvae into the host population occurred throughout the year and was independent of host size, maximum recruitment occurred during March 1986. This continuous recruitment together with the long life span of the larvae, resulted in an increase in the density of infection with increase in fish size. The frequency distribution of the larvae in the host population followed the negative binomial model at different times of the year, the parameter K value ranging from 0.38 to 1.04. The data indicated an increase in the degree of overdispersion with increase in fish size. No evidence was found for regulation of host population density by the parasite.
The cercaria of Haplorchis pumilio exhibited diurnal pattern in the emergence from the snail host, with peak between 10 am and 12 noon and limited emergence during night. Continuous light permitted emergence to continue rhythmically while continuous dark has suppressed the emergence. Inversion of photoperiod has resulted in immediate reversal of the emergence pattern. Variation is found in the numbers of cercariae released by different individuals of snails and by the single snail on different days, but consistency is maintained in the emergence pattern. Temperature of 30-35°C is found to be favourable for the cercarial emergence. The results of the study demonstrate that emergence pattern is influenced by both exogenous and endogenous factors.
The life cycle of Eumegacetes artamii has been traced, using Thiara tuberculata as the first intermediate host, dragon-fly-naiads as second intermediate hosts and chicks as experimental definitive hosts. Cercaria, metacercaria and young fluke are described in detail. The cercariae are non-virgulate xiphidiocercous with 2 pairs of penetration glands and belong to "pusilla" group of Sewell 1922. The systematic position of the genus Eumegacetes is discussed.
The metacercaria of an accacoeliid is reported for the first time from the cirripede Lepas indicus Annandale, 1909 collected from the Visakhapatnam coast, Bay of Bengal. Evidence is presented to show that it belongs to Tetrochetus coryphaenae Yamaguti, 1934 which occurs in the intestine of Coryphaena hippurus and Diodon hystrix. The life cycle pattern in accacoeliids is discussed, of supporting the inclusion of a paratenic host in the scheme.
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