Introduction. Down’s Syndrome (DS) belongs to the most frequent aberrations of autosomal chromosomes of all known chromosome disorders. The most frequent diseases accompanying Down’s Syndrome include diabetes and obesity. One of the causes of fatty tissue, including visceral tissue accumulation in body is an ill balanced diet in terms of, among others, the quantity and structure of carbohydrates, as well as values of glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL). As in Down’s Syndrome the incidence of both obesity and diabetes is higher than in healthy population, it seems essential to evaluate and correct the diet in terms of not only carbohydrates level, but also of GI and GL. The object of this study was to evaluate the nutritive status and nutritional pattems of children and adolescents (both sexes) with Down’s Syndrome (DS) taking into account the GI and GL of their meals. Material and methods. The State of nutrition was assessed in October and November 2009 in 24 people with clinically-diagnosed trisomy of chromosome 21 including 16 boys (aged 10-22) and 8 girls (aged 13-18) pupils of two school-and-educational centres from the West Pomerania Province. Methods of feeding evaluation that is energy and nutritive value, consumption pattems of groups of food products, GI and GL values were based on analysis of three days menu by currently noting. Results. Among the young people under research 54% were overweight and obese and among those 41% with visceral obesity. Analysis of menus of the young people with Down’s Syndrome has shown low energy value of diet, low realization of the recommended supply of fibre, Ca, Mg, Zn, Bj vitamin and fluids. The participation of energy coming from fat and saccharose was too high and too low from carbohydrates compared to the recommended values. Resultant GI of meals of the young people under research exceeded average values and the whole day GL exceeded high values. Conclusions. Everyday food rations of both sexes affected by Trisomy 21 were not balanced in terms of energy and nutritive values, which may predispose them to disorders in carbohydrate body metabolism. Average values of the glycemic index and high values of the glycemic load of diets of the surveyed participants may facilitate the development of obesity and its effects in the form of type 2 diabetes. It is advisable to correct diets of participants with Down’s Syndrome being at a high risk of type 2 diabetes development in terms of GI and GL values and it is advisable to conduct health-promoting nutritional education of children and adolescents as well as their parents/guardians and Staff of centres they attend to, in the aspect of the prophylaxis of metabolic diseases.
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