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Comparison of components and number of Nosema sp. spores of wintering Carniolan and Italian bees debris

100%
Madras-Majewska B., Ochnio L., Ochnio M., Sciegosz J.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science
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2013
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tom 52
The aim of the experiment is to investigate and compare the components of the winter debris of two breeds of bees: Carniolan and Italian and microscopic tests of the bees samples from the experimental debris for the presence of Nosema sp. The study was carried on 20 wintering bee colonies in the apiary of the Apiculture Division of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. The research material was debris falling during the winter at the bottom of the hive that was bees, wax cappings, eggs, wax, pollen pellets, dark hardened fungal clods and fecal stains on the pads. The examination was conducted during the overwintering 2008/2009. In the spring of 2009 microscopic examination was conducted (samples of bees from the experimental debris for the presence of Nosema sp.). Pollen pellets are originated from bee bread, which bees use to feed the brood and was collected from two different breeds of bees. The presence of eggs in debris testifies to the fact that in winter queen of two studied breeds of bees are also lying eggs. The presence of fecal spots in debris is sporadic but it is the sign of no-semosis. Microscopic examination confirmed the assumption that the appearance of the fecal spots was a symptom of Nosema sp. presence. Nosema sp. infects bees of both breeds. Carniolan breed bees tend to self-medicate from nosemosis. Lack of feces does not indicate the lack of nosemosis in the case of both mentioned breeds of bees.
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Use of bee products in livestock nutrition and therapy

100%
Madras-Majewska M., Ochnio L., Ochnio M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2015
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tom 71
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nr 02
Bee products, such as honey, propolis, pollen, bee bread, bee venom and royal jelly, are rich in vitamins, minerals and healthy fats. People often derive benefits from nature and apply these products as dietary supplements or therapeutics against various diseases. Until recently little has been known of their effects on animals. Recent years, however, have seen a growing interest in the possibility of using bee products in the nutrition and treatment of farm animals. This study collects and presents the current state of knowledge on the therapeutic and nutritional properties of these products in livestock, and summarizes the results of various experiments conducted in Poland and other countries.
3

Impact of the bioaccumulation of selected toxic elements on the condition of bees and other organisms

100%
Madras-Majewska B., Ochnio L., Ochnio M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2014
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tom 70
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nr 12
Toxic elements often occur in the natural environment at doses higher than the maximum allowable concentration. The honey bee (Apis mellifera L.) is inextricably connected with the external environment, from which it obtains air and water and food. Bees are exposed to contaminants while collecting pollen, nectar, honeydew and water. Therefore, they are highly sensitive to all kinds of environmental pollution and water and air contamination. It is proven that there is a close relationship between the level of accumulation of heavy metals in soil and plants and their content in the bodies of bees and in bee products. Bees are good biological indicators of environmental contamination. At the same time, heavy metals accumulate in bee products that are later consumed by humans and animals. Research on the content of these metals in the bodies and brood of bees is extremely important because the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and other environmental factors, such as pollution with toxic elements, affect the health and mortality of bees. This paper provides an overview of studies on the harmfulness and bioaccumulation of lead, mercury and cadmium in the bodies of bees and on the impact of these elements on living organisms.
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The influence of open brood in rearing colonies on eggs acceptance in different egg age

88%
Gabka J., Madras-Majewska B., Kaminski Z., Ochnio M., Honko S.
Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Animal Science
|
2009
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tom 46
Quality of bee queens depends primarily on the age of the brood used to queen rearing. The best queens are obtaining by rearing from the eggs. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the unsealed brood presence in the rearing colonies affects eggs acceptance. To colonies rearing with the unsealed brood there were introduced eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 24—12 hours and 48-66 hours. After three days the number of built queen cells was verified. When in the colonies was no longer open broods, eggs were introduced to those colonies again and after three days the number of built queen cells was checked. Rearing colonies with unsealed brood accepted 42% of eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 40% of eggs at the age of 24—12 hours and 51% of eggs at the age of 48-66 hours. Colonies without an open brood accepted 31% of eggs at the age of 0-18 hours, 61% of eggs at the age of 24-42 hours and 78% of eggs at the age of 48-66 hours. It was found that the best accepted eggs were the oldest ones in colonies without unsealed brood.
5

Influence of different oxygen and nitrogen mixtures on the survival of worker bees after anesthesia with carbon dioxide

76%
Madras-Majewska B., Ochnio L., Ochnio M., Zajdel B., Kaminski Z., Ostaszewska T., Kamaszewski M.
Medycyna Weterynaryjna
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2014
|
tom 70
|
nr 12
Bee anesthesia has long been widely used in scientific research and for practical purposes. Bee anesthesia is usually induced with carbon dioxide. It is required for such procedures as populating mating hives and cages, introducing queen bees and instrumental insemination. The oxygen to nitrogen ratio may play a very important role in the process of awakening. The aim of the experiment was to investigate the survival rate of worker bees after the application of different concentrations of oxygen and nitrogen in their recovery from anesthesia. The general purpose was to determine the optimal gas mixture for the fastest recovery and the longest survival of bees. The results of this study provide a basis for future experiments on queen bees aimed at accelerating the awakening from anesthesia with carbon dioxide during insemination as well as the initiation of laying eggs. The lowest bee mortality in the first days after awakening from anesthesia was observed in the group awoken in a mixture of 48.6% O₂ and 51.4% N₂, but the highest average survival rate was noted in the group awoken in 60% O₂ and 40% N₂.
6

Zawartość wybranych pierwiastków toksycznych w produktach pszczelich

64%
Madras-Majewska B., Jasinski Z., Zajdel B., Gabka J., Ochnio M., Petryka W., Kaminski Z., Sciegosz J.
Przegląd Hodowlany
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2014
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tom 82
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nr 3
The development of industry, intensive agriculture and the automotive industry has contributed to a massive increase in pollution of the environment. The many pollutants accumulating in the environment include toxic elements (Hg, Zn, Cu, Pb, As, Cd) whose natural content in soil and the atmosphere is very small. Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) are entirely dependent on flowering plants that provide them with nectar and pollen. They also make use of plant buds, from which they collect propolis. Therefore, since 1998 in the Apiculture Department of the Faculty of Animal Science research has been conducted on the content of heavy metals in bee products from all over Poland (108 apiaries, 324 colonies). The content of mercury and lead in propolis, honey and beebread was analysed. The results obtained were satisfactory, as the average mercury content (0.00027 mg/kg) and lead content (0.0485 mg/kg) of honey was low and did not exceed accepted norms in any of the samples tested. Moreover, the average content of mercury (0.00091 mg/kg) and lead (0.2885 mg/kg) in the beebread did not exceed the norms in any of the samples. The only product in which the average content of mercury (0.00491 mg/kg) and lead (9.6621 mg/kg) exceeded the norm was propolis. The results show that in most areas of Poland there is no danger of contamination of bee products with mercury and lead. Our findings and a review of the results of other authors clearly indicate that bee products such as propolis, honey and beebread can be used as bioindicators of environmental pollutants such as heavy metals.
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