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1

At-site flood frequency analysis of annual maximum stream flows in Pakistan using robust estimation methods

100%
Ahmad I., Fawad M., Mahmood I.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2015
|
tom 24
|
nr 6
2
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Predicting potential zones of hydrocarbon through seismic stratigraphy within the Western Barents Sea, Norway

88%
Mughal M. R., Iqbal M. F., Mahmood I., Butt F. M., Ullah K.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
|
2017
|
tom 62
Stratigraphic play based exploration approach facilitates the development of reservoir prediction models and prospect generation. The present study is carried out along the southern margin of the Loppa High within Hammerfest Basin, Barents Sea, Norway in order to identify the reservoir quality sand in Early Cretaceous age formations along the slope of the high. In this study 2D seismic lines; in which 8 lines are dip and 1 line is strike, and well logs data are interpreted. Outcome is a low-risk exploration technique that is capable of correctly predicting reservoir zones. The stratigraphic trap is identified in the Knurr and Kolje Formations of Adventdalen group, which act as source and seal rock for reservoir respectively. Three stratigraphic surfaces including base of Knurr Formation (sequence boundary), top of Knurr Formation, and Kolje Formation (maximum flooding surface) make a perfect trap for hydrocarbon accumulation. By utilizing the common risk segment analyses, it was identified that the maximum chances of hydrocarbon accumulation are in reservoir zone A and B which lies in up-dip direction.
3
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Spatiotemporal monitoring of CO2 and CH4 over Pakistan using Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS)

88%
Mahmood I., Iqbal M. F., Shahzad M. I., Waqas A., Atique L.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
|
2016
|
tom 58
Carbon dioxide (CO2), Methane (CH4) are two most potent greenhouse gases and are major source of climate change. Human activities particularly fossil fuels burning have caused considerable increase in atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases. CO2 contributes 60% of anthropogenic greenhouse effect whereas CH4 contributes 15%. Ice core records also show that the concentrations of Carbon dioxide and methane have increased substantially. The emission of these gases alters the Earth’s energy budget and are drivers of climate change. In the present study, atmospheric concentration of CO2 and CH4 over Pakistan is measured using Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). Time series and time averaged maps are prepared to measure the concentrations of CO2 and CH4. The results show considerable increase in concentration of Carbon dioxide and methane. The substantial increase in these concentrations can affect human health, earth radiative balance and can damage crops.
4
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An investigation of 2013 Mw 7.7 Awaran earthquake, Pakistan

76%
Mahmood I., Iqbal M. F., Mughal M. R., Shahzad M. I., Tariq S., Ullah K.
International Letters of Natural Sciences
|
2017
|
tom 61
Earthquake is a major disaster responsible for vast losses both life and infrastructure. Pakistan is one of the highly earthquake prone areas in Asia. The present study is carried out to investigate the dynamics of disastrous Awaran earthquake. The 2013 Mw 7.7 Awaran earthquake and its Mw 6.8 aftershock caused numerous loss of lives and vast infrastructure damages. The earthquake triggered along Hoshab fault rupturing 230 km of the fault. The rupture propagated at 3 Km/s on average and was concentrated in top 10 km with no major displacement in the underlying decollement. The rupture released a cumulative moment of 5.4 x 1020 Nm. This study reveals that although Hoshab fault originated as thrust fault, the slip was purely strike slip during the earthquake and that the rigid block rotation of southeastern Makran is responsible for the Awaran earthquake. The study concludes that the earthquake significantly increased the coulomb stress on Makran mega thrust and strike slip faults in Chaman fault system, hence increasing the risk of a major seismic event. Therefore, in order to prevent major loss of lives and infrastructure damages; designing of new building codes, reassessing the seismic hazard of the region and marking of hidden faults is of utmost importance.
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