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Cardiovascular dysphagia is rare. The aetiologies can be congenital, acquired or iatrogenic. The severity of dysphagia can be mild or severe, consistent or progressive, depending on the nature of the cardiovascular disorder and the impact for oesophageal compressions. The diagnostic work-up includes standard chest radiography, chest computed tomography, endoscopy, barium swallow test and manometry. Treatment can be conservative, surgical or palliative according to the nature of the disorder and the severity of the symptom. Prognoses of the patients are always good. Although cardiovascular dysphagia is continuously reported as sporadic cases, there have not been any comprehensive declarations of the conditions in the literature. Present article aims to make a comprehensive review of cardiovascular dysphagia. Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 2: 113–121)
Isolated costal cartilage fractures are benign and rare. A 65-year-old man had a sustained chest pain after a fist punch in the past month. A 3-dimensional computed tomography revealed left 7th and 8th costal cartilage fractures with fracture dislocations. As he refused an open fracture reduction, he was advised to have a rest with subsequent follow-up. Ultrasound screening is recommended in patients with sustained posttraumatic chest pains in order to rule out possible costal cartilage fractures. The therapeutic regimen generally depends on the location and severity of the fracture. (Folia Morphol 2017; 76, 1: 139–142)
Glandular cardiac myxoma is rare, representing only 5% of cardiac myxomas. A 51-year-old female developed embolic events caused by left atrial myxoma. She underwent myxoma resection and had an uneventful postoperative course. Histology of the resected myxoma revealed a glandular cardiac myxoma. In this article, the peculiar case was presented and the origin of cardiac myxoma was discussed. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 3: 374–382)
Giant coronary artery aneurysm is rare. A 71-year-old female was referred to our hospital 3 months after onset of symptoms. Work-up including coronary angiogram and computed tomographic angiogram helped a definite diagnosis of a giant aneurysm of the circumflex coronary artery. The patient was conservatively managed with a close follow-up. In this article, this rare lesion was presented with associated anomalies. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 3: 370–373)
Woven coronary artery is extremely rare. It is characterised by thin channels arising from the coronary artery and reanastamosis at the distal portion. A 62-year-old man was diagnosed of coronary artery disease. Coronary angiography showed 3-vessel coronary artery disease. The distal right coronary artery derived 3 twisting thin channels, and the inferior thin channel sprouted second-class thin channels, which then reanstomosed distally. He received off-pump coronary artery bypass. The present patient had woven coronary artery with a more complex configuration of thin channels different from the previously reported cases. (Folia Morphol 2013; 72, 3: 263–266)
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