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In paper, the ability to use of the biological early warning systems, in tap water quality biomonitoring was analyzed, based on multiple-criteria decision analysis. Five groups of organisms (invertebrates, fishes, algae, fungi and bacteria) were analyzed for the sensitivity to disturbance, the area of use, the amount of detected components, the rate of reaction and the data interpretation. Both analyzes revealed, that invertebrates are the most sensitive bioindicators (49% AHP, 29% Rembrandt). The other organisms which are useful in BEWS systems are algae and fishes. More problematic may be systems based on fungi and bacteria.Both analysis Rembrandt, as well as analytic hierarchy process(AHP) have indicated the rate of reaction as the most important factor in BEWS. All of BEWS systems are focused on reduce the time required to obtain the information about pollution presence, because the standard monitoring of tap water quality, based on physical and chemical methods, are usually time consuming.
The aim of this study was risk assessment regarding the local scours below sills that stabilize the Warta riverbed below Jeziorsko Reservoir. The studied river sills were constructed due to the reduction of riverbed erosion that took place downstream behind the dam reservoir. The research area embraced two reaches: in the vicinity, sills No. 3 (km 480+902) and No. 4 (km 479+225) were built in order to reduce local and general riverbed erosion resulting from the construction of the reservoir. The current article presents the methodology of the conducted field research and a short description of the applied mathematical model SSIM (a three-dimensional numerical model for simulating sediment movements in water intakes with multiblock options). Based on field geometry measurements of the local scour holes, the distribution of water velocity, and the water levels in the period 2006-2010, calculations of velocity distributions at the sill have been carried out using SSIIM software. The computer simulations have shown that the calculated water velocity profiles did not differ significantly from the measured ones.
With the adoption of the Water Framework Directive, monitoring of surface waters has undergone a reform process. It introduced a new approach to the assessment of surface waters based on biological elements. In the case of water reservoirs, the monitoring is based on phytoplankton, phytobenthos, and macrozoobenthos, as well as chlorophyll concentrations. The ecological evaluation is supported by physicalchemical and hydromorphological characteristics. The study was based on national monitoring data coming from 10 reservoirs in the lowland landscape. Our analysis revealed that the classification of reservoirs was determined both by physical-chemical and biological factors. It was found that good and better than good ecological potential was achieved by three reservoirs, while three more were classified as moderate and four as bad. Principal component analysis showed that the biological elements are strongly associated with the level of phosphorus in the water. The ecological potential of the reservoirs does not depend on the surface area or depth of the water body, nor it is related to water retention time.
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