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The aim of the study was to determine the influence of infection induced by Flavobacterium branchiophilum on the nonspecific cell-mediated and humoral-mediated immunity in rainbow trout fingerlings. Rainbow trout (20 g body weight) with dystrophic changes in the gills were examined. Flavobacterium branchiophilum was isolated from the gills and bacterial gill disease (BGD) syndrome was observed. When the first symptoms of BGD appeared, blood from 20 diseased and 20 healthy fish was drawn to examine the respiratory burst activity (RBA) and potential killing activity (PKA) of blood phagocytes. The lysozyme activity and total protein and gammaglobulin (Ig) levels were also examined. A strong immunosuppressive effect was observed in fish with BGD during the present immunological studies, and all immunological parameters were statistically significantly lower in fish with BGD syndrome in comparison to those of healthy fish. The preliminary study indicated that BGD has a strong suppressive effect on blood phagocyte activity and nonspecific humoral-mediated immunity.
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of immersion vaccination against yersinosis of juvenile rainbow trout. Juvenile rainbow trout of various body weights were studied each time, as follows: 4-5 g, 10-12 g, 20-22 g, 50-55 g. The fish were held in tanks in an oxygenated water recirculating system at a temperature of 12°C, and then 300 fish from each group were segregated by weight into three groups of 100 individuals. The fish were immersed for about 30 seconds in the vaccines Yersivac and AquaVac ERM. The control group comprised fish that were not vaccinated. Sixty days after vaccination, all of the groups were exposed experimentally to the pathogenic bacteria Yersinia ruckeri by intraperitoneal injection, and the number of fish deaths was registered. The survival rate in all of the fish groups vaccinated by immersion in Yersivac was similar at about 95%, while survival in the groups of fish that were not vaccinated was 15-25%, depending on the weight of the fish. Comparative studies indicated that auto-vaccination with the Polish vaccine resulted in higher resistance against Y. ruckeri than did that with the imported vaccine AquaVac ERM, following the administration of which survival was 78-85%, depending on the body weight of the vaccinated fish.
The significance of eel to fisheries management and the environment necessitates the continuous monitoring of the health and condition of this valuable species. One of the many monitoring studies realized within the project was to determine the condition and health status of eel used for stocking open waters and those inhabiting various basins in Poland. The newest research and diagnostic methods were used to conduct these targeted studies. The studies were performed by a research team comprised of staff from the Department of Ichthyology at IFI, the Department of Fish Pathology and Immunology at IFI, the Department of Microbiology and Clinical Immunology and the Department of Epizootilogy in the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine at UW-M in Olsztyn, and the Department of Food and Environmental Chemistry at the National Marine Fisheries Research Institute in Gdynia. Full clinical, anatomic pathological, parasitological, mycological, virological, bacteriological, biochemical, and immunological studies were performed. The analysis of the condition and health status of stocking material indicated that eel originating from Polish and foreign hatcheries for stocking open waters did not resent and pathology that would indicate and acute or chronic diseases. Neither the EVEX or the AngHV-1 viruses were isolated from the fish analyzed, nor was the presence of the VHS, IHN, IPN, or SVC viruses confirmed. The analysis of the condition and health of eel inhabiting open waters indicated that approximately 20% of the fish from each basin exhibited abrasions, discoloration, small skin lesions, and bruising on the caudal and pelvic fins. Only in single specimens from some basins was pathology indicative of disease confirmed. The bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila, A. sobria and Flavobacterium psychrophilum were isolated from them. Targeted virological studies of one eel specimens from the Szczecin Lagoon confirmed the occurrence of the AngHV-1 virus. An important element of the research was that among the fish monitored from various basins a systematic increase in the prevalence of the nematode Anguillicoloides crassus was noted at an intensity and extensiveness of invasion that ranged from 50 to 100% of the studied fish population
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