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This paper presents a sanitary state estimation of Zegrze man-made reservoir and Vistula river using typical bacterial factors. The aim of this study was to introduce the possibility of the use of coli bacteriophages as potential indicators of fecal polluted waters. Zegrze Reservoir, as well as the examined Vistula sector, belong to microbiologically contaminated waters. Especially in the summer period they are rich in coli-type and E.coli bacteria. The changes in E.coli numbers were correlated with bacteria phage numbers.
This paper presents the influence of penicillin, erythromycin, Oxytetracycline and streptomycin on aquatic microorganisms isolated from three reservoirs with varied extent of environmental pollution (Sulejów Reservoir, Zegrze Reservoir and Vistula River). The experiments were conducted in especially prepared microcosms (aerated 15 l aquariums). From among the examined antibiotics streptomycin showed the longest activity in the water environment (27 days), followed by Oxytetracycline (22 days). Erythromycin had 13 days activity while the penicillin only 4 days. The highest number of bacteria was observed in the Vistula, fewer in Zegrze Reservoir. Sulejów Reservoir was characterized by the lowest number of bacteria. The strains isolated from Sulejów Reservoir were characterized by higher degree of biodiversity than those from Zegrze Reservoir or Vistula River. The dominant genera were Pseudomonas (49%), followed by Acinetohacter (21 %), Flavomonas (9%), Alcaligenes (9%), Vibrio, Moraxella and Oligella. The Vistula River was dominated by Aeromonas (88%) and Pseudomonas (12%) genera. The strains isolated from Sulejów Reservoir were more sensitive to antibiotics than those from the much more polluted Vistula, this being evidenced by lower MIC and MBC values.
The utilization of pig manure as a source of nutrients for the dissimilatory reduction of sulfates present in phosphogypsum was investigated. In both types of media used (synthetic medium and raw pig manure) increased utilization of sulfates with growing COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio in the medium was observed. The percent of sulfate reduction obtained in synthetic medium was from 18 to 99%, whereas the value for cultures set up in raw liquid manure was from 12% (at COD/SO₄²⁻ of 0.3) up to as high as 98% (at COD/SO₄²⁻ equal 3.80). Even with almost complete reduction of sulfates the percent of COD reduction did not exceed 55%. Based on the results obtained it was concluded that the effectiveness of removal of sulfates and organic matter by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) depends to a considerable degree on the proportion between organic matter and sulfates in the purified wastewaters. The optimal COD/SO₄²⁻ ratio for the removal of organic matter was between 0.6 and 1.2 whereas the optimal ratio for the removal of sulfates was between 2.4 and 4.8.
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