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Polyploid progeny from crosses between diploid sexuals and tetraploid apomictic pollen donors in Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia

100%

Martonfiova L., Majesky L., Martonfi P.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

2007

tom 49

nr 1

47-54

The paper reports a study of polyploid progeny of crosses between diploid sexual maternal plants and tetraploid pollen donor plants in the genus Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia. All polyploid progeny plants were triploids; no tetraploids were found. Two types of experiments were done with each plant: crossing of some capitula with diploid pollen donor, and isolation of other capitula. Flow cytometric seed screening, together with analysis of seed set, were used to determine the breeding system of particular hybrids. Of the 29 triploid hybrids studied, 7 plants were apomictic. Seventeen triploid hybrids produced progeny sexually, reduced ovules were fertilized, and seed set was low. Three plants produced (near)tetraploid progeny - BIII hybrids with autonomous endosperm. The remaining 2 triploid hybrids were nonapomicts, but their type could not be distinguished. Compared with the crosses with triploid pollen donors, the crosses of diploid with tetraploid pollen donors produced fewer apomictic progeny and more nonapomictic progeny with reduced, irregular chromosome numbers. However, the total number of developed seeds per capitulum was substantially higher in diploid x tetraploid crosses, and their impact in microevolutionary processes may be considerable. In both types of crosses, diplosporous plants lacking the capacity for parthenogenesis were produced, confirming the breakdown of apomixis into its elements.

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Adenophora liliifolia: condition of its populations in Central Europe

64%

Prausova R., Mareckova L., Kapler A., Majesky L., Farkas T., Indreica A., Safarova L., Kitner M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

2016

tom 58

nr 2

This study deals with populations of the European-South-Siberian geoelement Adenophora liliifolia (L.) A. DC. in the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Romania, and Poland, where this species has its European periphery distribution. We studied the population size, genetic variability, site conditions, and vegetation units in which A. liliifolia grows. Recent and historical localities of A. liliifolia were ranked into six vegetation units of both forest and non-forest character. A phytosociological survey showed differences in the species composition among localities. Only a weak pattern of population structure was observed (only 22% of total genetic variation present at the interpopulation level, AMOVA analysis), with moderate values for gene diversity (Hj = 0.141) and polymorphism (P = 27.6%). Neighborjoining and Bayesian clusterings suggest a similar genetic background for most of the populations from Slovakia, the Czech Republic, and Poland, contrary to the populations from Hungary, Romania, as well as two populations from Central and South Slovakia. This might be explained by a relatively recent fragmentation of the A. liliifolia populations in Central Europe. Nevertheless, it seems that several populations in Romania, South Hungary, and Slovakia were isolated for a longer period of time and their genetic differentiation is more evident.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica

2 Majesky L.

1 Farkas T.

1 Indreica A.

1 Kapler A.

1 Kitner M.

1 Mareckova L.

1 Martonfi P.

1 Martonfiova L.

1 Prausova R.

1 Safarova L.

1 2016

1 2007

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Polyploid progeny from crosses between diploid sexuals and tetraploid apomictic pollen donors in Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia

Adenophora liliifolia: condition of its populations in Central Europe