The aim of the study was an attempt to define the age of chinchillas females first time mating in relation to reproduction results. The reproduction indices as: average litter size (born and weaned), number of litters and kits per year, average inter-birth interval (days), in relation to the age of the first mating time were estimated. The research material consisted of 73 females, from which 491 litters were obtained. The females were used at least 3 years as a breeding staff. The females were divided into 4 groups, depending of first mating age: 6 months or earlier (group 1), 7-10 months (group 2), 11-15 months (group 3), 16 months and more (group 4). The reproduction results of 3 years period did not show statistically significant differences between groups, even the reproduction results of first litter into youngest group were significantly higher compare to the results from other groups. The reproduction results of females mated first time at age of 16 months or later were worse than others were. It was verified that chinchilla females should be mated first time at age of 7-10 months.
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