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Similar land shapes may be formed in different morphogenetic systems. The morphodynamic activity of proglacial rivers resembles the activity of intermittent streams in semi-arid and arid climate. In the foreland of glaciers and in arid areas there is no dense vegetation and periodically swelling rivers are heavily loaded with transported material. That is why they cannot cut into the substratum but rather tend to side erosion, channel migration and periodical surface wash. This favours fast levelling of the ground. In arid climate intermittent waters, first of all, shape the pediments which expand owirng to parallel withdrawal of slopes. Below the levelling zone there is the accumulation area, comprising the valley as well as the parapediments. As regards the origin and outer geatures pediments mostly resemble erosive plains of thawing waters formed at the outlet of sub- and inglacial tunnels. They are frequently shaped by the surface wash of waters which flow out of their channels and over the whole surface slightly sloping in the distal direction. Valley bottoms and parapediments filled with deposits resemble outwash plains which develop on former depressions.
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Cecylia Radłowska

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Cecylia Radłowska was born on 28 June 1913, in Łódź. She received the school-leaving certificate in 1931 and she began the geographic studies at the University of Warsaw which she finally finished at the Jagiellonian University in 1937. Her master's thesis was entitled Evolution in afforestation and changes in arable lands in Kuyavia and the Greater Poland from the end of the 18th century till the beginning of the 20th century. In 1945-1955 she worked at the University of Łódź where she obtained the title of a doctor for her dissertation Morphology of the Prosna river valley. At the end of 1956 she moved to the University of Warsaw where in 1963 she obtained habilitation on the basis of her dissertation The relief of the North-eastern edge of the Świętokrzyskie Mountains. She was assigned for a docent and for an associated professor in 1974. Since 1959 she was the secretary in the Commission on Physiographical Research of the Committee for Spatial Planning of Poland at the Polish Academy of Sciences. Professor C. Radłowska dedicated herself to the issues of the periglacial geomorphology, of paleogeomorphology in the old mountains and uplands areas, and of glacial and glaciofluvial relief. In the Warsaw centre she initiated precursory research on the dynamic geomorphology. At the University of Warsaw professor Cecylia Radłowska organized the Department of Geomorphology which she ran from 1964 until her retirement in 1983. She was a well-known and valued specialist on geomorphology. In 1970-1976 she ran the Doctoral Studies at the Faculty of Geography of the University of Warsaw. She promoted several dozen masters geographers geomorphologists and five doctors. Her lectures and seminars were highly appreciated by students and doctorates as she not only taught but she also nurtured. She was respected for her serious attitude toward duties, her severe demands, her excellent manners, and her sense of humour. In recognition of her scientific and didactic achievements, she was many times honoured with the Rector's and the Minister's awards and with national decorations. Professor Cecylia Radłowska died on 15 November 1990, in Łódź.
Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are transcriptional factors belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Three members of the PPAR family have been characterized as PPARα, PPARβ and PPARγ, encoded by separate genes. These isoforms exhibit diverse expression patterns and are activated by different ligands that cause various biological effects. The PPARs are mainly responsible for homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Recently it has been discovered that PPARs play a crucial role in the female reproductive system. PPARγ is expressed in the ovary, endometrium, placenta and fetal membranes. The lack of functional receptors PPARγ or PPARβ results in aberrant placentation and leads to lethality in rodents. PPARβ is abundantly expressed at implantation sites in mice uteri which suggests its role in implantation. Summarizing, in the recent decade studies have revealed new functions of PPARs as the family of receptors that regulate reproductive processes.
The authors present the results of studies on modelling physical and chemical phenomena occurring in the ground-level atmosphere in terms of ozone generation. The experiment carried out in Nowy Sącz confirmed feasibility of applying mathematical modelling in diagnosing and possibly forecasting ozone concentrations in any survey area.
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