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The Short-Time Directed Transfer Function (SDTF) is an estimator based on a multivariate autoregressive model which has proved to be successful in ERP experiments, e.g. those connected with motor action and its imagination. The aim of this study is the evaluation of the performance of SDTF in the cognitive experiment. We have applied SDTF for the estimation of the pattern of EEG signal transmissions during a Continuous Attention Test (CAT). Time-frequency patterns of propagation were estimated for two experimental conditions. Statistical procedures based on thin-plate spline model were used for estimation of significant changes in respect to the reference epoch. The repeatability of the results for a subject and across the subjects were investigated. The effect of prolonged transmission in the gamma band from the prefrontal electrodes found in all subjects was explained by the active inhibition in the case when a subject had to sustain from performing the action.
AIM: The aim of the study wasto characterize early reorganization of cortical electrical activity within and around the stroke-affected area. METHODS: Photothrombotic stroke wasinduced in the visual cortex during the acute experiments in anaesthetized cats. The activity of neuronal populations (local field potential, LFP) were continuously monitored in the central region of the stroke, at the stroke border, and in the healthy tissue, up to three hours after stroke. In the offline analysis, using Welch and autoregressive parametric methods, we evaluated the changes in the frequency spectrum spanning from delta to gamma. Functional connectivity between cortical locations within and outside the stroke region was determined with Directed Transfer Function (DTF). Indirect and direct interactions in different frequency bands were determined by DTF and direct DTF, respectively. RESULTS: The stroke resulted in an overall decrease of the power within full frequency spectrum in the stroke affected region, but not outside this region, where an increase in the spectral power was observed. The most pronounced changes were observed three hours after the stroke. In one cat, we observed increase of the power in the stroke area in low frequency bands while the power in beta-gamma band was diminished. DTF and direct DTF revealed weakening of neuronal connections between the healthy tissue and the stroke region and a transient strengthening of local connections outside the stroke region. The earliest decrease in the strength of connections in stroke affected region was observed in high frequencies (beta and gamma). CONCLUSION: Stroke induce diverse effects in different frequency bands in both the LFP power spectrum and in the functional connectivity indicating complex influence on the neuronal activity within the stroke and in the vicinity of ischemic region. Supported by ERA-NET Neuron project REVIS.
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