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Coal and gas outbursts are extremely violent dynamic disasters. Geological structure is the primary factor for controlling outbursts, and dome-basin structure is one of the most dangerous structural types that are prone to cause outbursts. This study reveals the reasons for and characteristics of coal and gas outbursts in a dome-basin structure. According to the analysis of the features and the formation mechanism of a dome-basin structure, combining gas geology theory and gas geology parameters, coal seam characteristics of stress and strain, coal-body structure, and coal seam gas occurrences in a domebasin structure were studied. Based on the change laws of the above three aspects, the influences of domebasin structure on coal and gas outburst was also further analyzed. The results show that the dome-basin structure can be divided into three parts: dome structure, basin structure, and saddle structure. In the saddle structure, the surrounding rock was greatly damaged and the elasticity of the rock strata increased. It is easy to incur tectonic stress concentration. The type of coal-body structure is most of the mylonitic coal of full-layer thickness, and decreased the destruction-resisting ability of a coal seam. Coal seam gas content and pressure are relatively large, and provided beneficial conditions for the coal and gas outburst. Because of these effects, the probability of coal and gas outbursts visibly increased in this area.
To better understand molecular mechanism underlying the difference between self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones, a proteomic approach was used to profile protein changes in the latex between self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones. Total soluble proteins were extracted from latex in self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) was used to identify proteins that were differentially expressed in self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones and image analysis was used to determine which proteins were up- or down-regulated. Twenty-four differentially expressed protein spots were identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. Among the 24 proteins identified, 13 proteins were up-regulated, 11 proteins were decreased in self-rooting juvenile clones. These proteins were classified as carbohydrate and energy metabolism, secondary metabolism, signal translocation, transcriptional regulation-related, protein synthesis and degradation, transport, nucleoside acid process, lipid metabolism. Perhaps, the present study contributes towards an understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the difference between self-rooting juvenile clones and donor clones.
Mitochondrial uncoupling proteins (UCPs) play crucial role in the regulation of metabolic thermogenesis, photosynthesis, redox poise, and response to stress situations. However, the involvements UCPs and its regulatory mechanisms in plant mitochondrial respiration and electron transport have not yet been fully substantiated. In this article, we show that UCP is essential for effective respiratory balance and mitochondrial electron transport poise under chilling stress in tomato. Compared with pTRV (non-silenced) plants, suppression of LeUCP the expression by virus-induced gene silencing significantly decreased the total, SHAM-resistant, and CN-resistant respiratory rates, but increased cytosolic glycolysis pathway- related gene expression and enzymes’ activities under chilling stress. The transcripts’ abundances of UCRH, COX1, COX2, AOX1a, AOX2, and NDC1 genes involved in main and bypass miETC components were decreased, while those of NDUO and SDH4 were slightly increased in the leaves of LeUCP-silenced plants. In addition, silencing of LeUCP aggravated H2O2 and O2- accumulation levels in leaves under chilling stress. Our results provide strong evidence that LeUCP is critical for respiratory homeostasis and mitochondrial electron transport signaling under chilling stress in tomato.
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