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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Simple statistical formulas for estimating biogeochemical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea potentially useful for optical remote sensing applications

100%
Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
2014
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tom 56
|
nr 1
2

Sea surface slope distribution and foam coverage as functions of the mean height of wind waves

100%
Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
1996
|
tom 38
|
nr 3
3

Mathematical spectral model of solar irradiance reflectance and transmittance by a wind-ruffled sea surface. Part 1. The physical problem and mathematical apparatus

100%
Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
1996
|
tom 38
|
nr 4
4

Mathematical spectral model of solar irradiance reflectance and transmittance by a wind-ruffled sea surface. Part 2. Modelling results and application

100%
Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
1997
|
tom 39
|
nr 1
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Preliminary comparison between various models of the long-wave radiation budget of the sea and experimental data from the Baltic Sea

63%
Zapadka T., Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
2000
|
tom 42
|
nr 3
This paper discusses existing models of long-wave radiation exchange between the sea surface and the atmosphere, and compares them with experimental data. The latter were based on empirical data collected in the southern Baltic during cruises of r/v ‘Oceania’. To a greater or lesser extent, all the models were encumbered with significant systematic and statistical errors. The probable reasons for these discrepancies are given.
6
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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A simple formula for the net long-wave radiation flux in the Southern Baltic Sea

51%
Zapadka T., Wozniak S. B., Wozniak B.
Oceanologia
|
2001
|
tom 43
|
nr 3
265-277
This paper discusses problems of estimating the net long-wave radiation flux at the sea surface on the basis of easily measurable meteorological quantities (air and sea surface temperatures, near-surface water vapour pressure, cloudiness). Empirical data and existing formulae are compared. Additionally, an improved formula for the southern Baltic region is introduced, with a systematic error of less than 1 W m−2 and a statistical error of less than 20 W m−2.
7
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Modelling the light absorption properties of particulate matter forming organic particles suspended in seawater. Part 1. Model description, classification of organic particles, and example spectra of the light absorption coefficient and the imaginary part of the refractive index of particulate matter for phytoplankton cells and phytoplankton-like particles

51%
Wozniak B., Wozniak S. B., Tyszka K., Dera J.
Oceanologia
|
2005
|
tom 47
|
nr 2
8
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Heat and salt fluxes in the West Spitsbergen Current area in summer

51%
Piechura J., Osinski R., Petelski T., Wozniak S. B.
Oceanologia
|
2002
|
tom 44
|
nr 3
Fluxes of radiation, sensible and latent heat, and fluxes of heat and salt within the upper layer of the ocean were calculated on the basis of measurements carried out in the area of the Norwegian-Atlantic and West Spitsbergen Currents during summer 2000. The sea surface radiation balance was calculated from direct measurements of downward and upward short-wave (solar) radiation, the net radiation fluxes and sea surface temperature. The daily doses of radiation energy reaching and leaving the sea surface were also estimated. To calculate the vertical heat fluxes in the atmospheric boundary layer the bulk parameterisation method was used. In most cases, the calculated heat fluxes were rather low, the average sensible heat flux was c. 10 Wm−2, and the latent heat flux about one order of magnitude higher; this is what could be expected in summer. Salt fluxes to the air in the process of aerosol production are very small and can be neglected. In summer the highest quantities of heat and salt are exchanged during mixing with surrounding waters. According to our measurements, Atlantic Water on its northward course from about 70◦N to 79◦ N loses about 100 TWof heat and 900 × 103 kg of salt. We thought it could be interesting to find out what happens to them. Some preliminary results of our investigation are presented here.
9
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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New simple statistical formulas for estimating surface concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM) and particulate organic carbon (POC) from remote-sensing reflectance in the Southern Baltic Sea

45%
Wozniak S. B., Darecki M., Zablocka M., Burska D., Dera J.
Oceanologia
|
2016
|
tom 58
|
nr 3
10
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Inherent optical properties of suspended particulate matter in the Southern Baltic Sea

45%
Wozniak S. B., Meller J., Lednicka B., Zdun A., Ston-Egiert J.
Oceanologia
|
2011
|
tom 53
|
nr 3
The inherent optical properties (IOPs) of suspended particulate matter and their relations with the main biogeochemical characteristics of particles have been examined in the surface waters of the southern Baltic Sea. The empirical data were gathered at over 300 stations in open Baltic Sea waters as well as in the coastal waters of the Gulf of Gdańsk. The measurements included IOPs such as the absorption coefficient of particles, absorption coefficient of phytoplankton, scattering and backscattering coefficients of particles, as well as biogeochemical characteristics of suspended matter such as concentrations of suspended particulate matter (SPM), particulate organic matter (POM), particulate organic carbon (POC) and chlorophyll a (Chl a). Our data documented the very extensive variability in the study area of particle concentration measures and IOPs (up to two orders of magnitude). Although most of the particle populations encoun- tered were composed primarily of organic matter (av. POM/SPM=ca 0.8), the different particle concentration ratios suggest that the particle composition varied significantly. The relations between the optical properties and biogeochemical parameters of suspended matter were examined. We found significant variability in the constituent-specific IOPs (coefficients of variation (CVs) of at least 30% to 40%, usually more than 50%). Simple best-fit relations between any given IOP versus any constituent concentration parameter also highlighted the significant statistical errors involved. As a result, we conclude that for southern Baltic samples an easy yet precise quantification of particle IOPs in terms of the concentration of only one of the following parameters – SPM, POM, POC or Chl a – is not achievable. Nevertheless, we present a set of best statistical formulas for a rough estimate of certain seawater constituent concentrations based on relatively easily measurable values of seawater IOPs. These equations can be implemented in practice, but their application will inevitably entail effective statistical errors of estimation of the order of 50% or more.
11
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Modelling the light absorption properties of particulate matter forming organic particles suspended in sea water. Part 3. Practical applications

39%
Wozniak B., Wozniak S. B., Tyszka K., Ostrowska M., Ficek D., Majchrowski R., Dera J.
Oceanologia
|
2006
|
tom 48
|
nr 4
12
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Modelling the light absorption properties of particulate matter forming organic particles suspended in seawater. Part 2. Modelling results

39%
Wozniak B., Wozniak S. B., Tyszka K., Ostrowska M., Majchrowski R., Ficek D., Dera J.
Oceanologia
|
2005
|
tom 47
|
nr 4
13
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Algorithms for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 2: Empirical validation

33%
Darecki M., Ficek D., Krezel A., Ostrowska M., Majchrowski R., Wozniak S. B., Bradtke K., Dera J., Wozniak B.
Oceanologia
|
2008
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
509-538
This paper is the second of two articles on the methodology of the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem. In Part 1 the authors presented the set of DESAMBEM algorithms for determining the major parameters of this ecosystem on the basis of satellite data (see Woźniak et al. 2008 – this issue). That article discussed in detail the mathematical apparatus of the algorithms. Part 2 presents the effects of the practical application of the algorithms and their validation, the latter based on satellite maps of selected Baltic ecosystem parameters: the distributions of the sea surface temperature (SST), the Photosynthetically Available Radiation (PAR) at the sea surface, the surface concentrations of chlorophyll a and the total primary production of organic matter. Particular emphasis was laid on analysing the precision of estimates of these and other parameters of the Baltic ecosystem, determined by remote sensing methods. The errors in these estimates turned out to be relatively small; hence, the set of DESAMBEM algorithms should in the future be utilised as the foundation for the effective satellite monitoring of the state and functioning of the Baltic ecosystem.
14
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Algorithm for the remote sensing of the Baltic ecosystem (DESAMBEM). Part 1: Mathematical apparatus

33%
Wozniak B., Krezel A., Darecki M., Wozniak S. B., Majchrowski R., Ostrowska M., Kozlowski L., Ficek D., Olszewski J., Dera J.
Oceanologia
|
2008
|
tom 50
|
nr 4
451-508
This article is the first of two papers on the remote sensing methods of monitoring the Baltic ecosystem, developed by our team. Earlier, we had produced a series of detailed mathematical models and statistical regularities describing the transport of solar radiation in the atmosphere-sea system, the absorption of this radiation in the water and its utilisation in a variety of processes, most importantly in the photosynthesis occurring in phytoplankton cells, as a source of energy for the functioning of marine ecosystems. The comprehensive DESAMBEM algorithm, presented in this paper, is a synthesis of these models and regularities. This algorithm enables the abiotic properties of the environment as well as the state and the functioning of the Baltic ecosystem to be assessed on the basis of available satellite data. It can be used to determine a good number of these properties: the sea surface temperature, the natural irradiance of the sea surface, the spectral and spatial distributions of solar radiation energy in the water, the surface concentrations and vertical distributions of chlorophyll a and other phytoplankton pigments in this sea, the radiation energy absorbed by phytoplankton, the quantum efficiency of photosynthesis and the primary production of organic matter. On the basis of these directly determined properties, other characteristics of processes taking place in the Baltic ecosystem can be estimated indirectly. Part 1 of this series of articles deals with the detailed mathematical apparatus of the DESAMBEM algorithm. Part 2 will discuss its practical applicability in the satellite monitoring of the sea and will provide an assessment of the accuracy of such remote sensing methods in the monitoring of the Baltic ecosystem (see Darecki et al. 2008 – this issue).
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