Wyniki wyszukiwania

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Age-related changes of nasal cavity and conchae volumes and volume fractions in children: a stereological study

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Ertekin T., Degermenci M., Nisari M., Unur E., Coskun A.

Folia Morphologica

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2016

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tom 75

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nr 1

Background: The anatomy of the human nasal cavity (NC) is complex and its structures are closely related to the functions of the NC. Studies which assessing the mean volumes of NC and conchae are very infrequent. The purpose of current study is to investigate development of NC and conchae according to age and sex by using stereological method. Materials and methods: This retrospective volumetric study was carried out on 342 individuals (166 females and 176 males) between 0 and 18 years old with no pathological conditions or medical procedures that affected the skeletal morphology of the NC. Volumetric estimations were determined on computed tomography (CT) images using point-counting approach of stereological methods. Results: NC, inferior nasal conchae (INC) and middle nasal conchae (MNC) volume measurements that obtained using point-counting method were increased with age in both sexes until 15 years old. Regardless of gender; no significant difference was determined between the left and right values for NC, conchae volumes and choanae measurements. Generally, significant differences were determined in NC and INC volumes according to gender after they reached maximum growth period. According to age the volume ratios of INC to NC and MNC to NC were ranged from 18% to 32% and 9% to15%, respectively. Conclusions: The current study demonstrated that the point-counting method is effective in determining volume estimation of NC and is well suited for CT studies. Our results could provide volumetric indexes for the NC and conchae, which could help the physician for both patient selections for surgery, and for the assessment of any surgical technique used to treatment of nasal obstruction. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 1: 38–47)

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The potential teratogenic effects of interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b on in vitro embryonic development

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Ucar I., Ertekin T., Nisari M., Ceylan D., Al O., Ulger H.

Folia Morphologica

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2016

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tom 75

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nr 2

Background: Interferon beta (IFNβ) was the first proven drug for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS). The diagnosis of MS frequently occurs in women at childbearing age (especially in twenties and thirties). Therefore, the pregnancy process is major concern for many women with MS. Data on women exposed to IFNβ during pregnancy are limited. The aim of our study was to investigate the teratogenic potential of IFNβ on embryonic development via embryo culture technique. Recently, this technique has been often used for determining teratogenic effect of pharmacologic drugs and potential teratogens on embryonic development. Materials and methods: In this study, IFNβ was applied to the culture medium and after 48 h of culture effects of IFNβs (1000 IU/IFNβ-1a and 1000 IU/IFNβ-1b) on embryonic development were morphologically investigated. Results: According to morphologic scoring system, total morphologic score, somite number and protein contents were similar between control group and two experimental groups (p > 0.05). On the other hand, yolk sac diameter, crown-rump length and head length were significantly decreased in two experimental groups compared with control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Consequently, IFNβ-1a and IFNβ-1b, applied to the culture medium, have no macroscopic teratogenic effect on embryonic development. However, in respect of morphometric measurements, IFNβ-1a and IFNβ-1b have caused growth retardation in embryo. This research related to interferon was the first study using vitro embryo culture technique; thus, in our point of view, future studies which will be performed by using different doses of IFN will contribute to the literature. (Folia Morphol 2016; 75, 2: 257–263)

3

Examination of inclinations of the spine at childhood and adolescence

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Tokpinar A., Ulger H., Yilmaz S., Acer N., Ertekin T., Gorkem S. B., Guler H.

Folia Morphologica

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2019

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tom 78

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nr 1

Background: Spine is a column that consists of consecutively lined up vertebras. It includes medulla spinalis. It contributes the motions of head, neck and body. Spine is not a straight column. There is a convexity towards the front of the spine (lordosis) at cervical and lumbar areas in adults and a convexity towards the back of the spine (kyphosis) at thoracic and sacral spine areas. Materials and methods: In this study, lateral magnetic resonance images of 731 children between 1 and 16 years of age were examined and their cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angles were measured with Cobb method using ImageJ programme for every age group. Results: The mean calculated cervical lordosis angles in 1–16-year-old children were found to be 20.51º ± 6.11º (minimum 17.96º ± 6.29º, maximum 23.50º ± 4.14º). It has been observed that cervical angle values decrease with age. The mean thoracic kyphosis angle measured was 28.71º ± 6.99º (minimum 24.55º ± 5.65º, maximum 30.44º ± 4.68º). Lumbar lordosis angle was 28.08º ± 7.39º (minimum 20.36º ± 6.59º, maximum 32.68º ± 6.03º). Thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis angle values increased with age. In our study, a statistical difference was found in increasing thoracic kyphosis angle between 1-year-old group and 14-year-old group. Statistical difference was also found in decreasing cervical lordosis angle value between 1-year-old group and 16-year-old group. When we compare our study results with literature values, cervical lordosis values were similar, but lumbar lordosis values were lower. Conclusions: In summary, we think that knowing sagittal plane inclinations of the spine developing in childhood and adolescence will contribute to earlier determination of pathologies. We also hope that it will contribute to clinical stages and other studies in this field. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 1: 47–53)

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Volumetric evaluation of hemicerebellar changes in migraine patients without aura

86%

Gocmen-Mas N., Kusbeci O. Y., Karabekir H. S., Ertekin T., Yucel A., Yazici A. C.

Folia Morphologica

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2011

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tom 70

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nr 4

Brain balance changes have been recognised in migraine, but cerebellar function between or during attacks has been assessed only in a few studies. Previous studies have indicated that migraine affects cerebellar function. In the present study we aimed to evaluate the hemicerebellar volume changes of patients with migraine without aura (MWoA). Volumetric changes of cerebellar hemispheres were evaluated in terms of asymmetry using stereological methods on magnetic resonance images (MRI) retrospectively. Nineteen patients with MWoA and 18 age- and gender-matched control subjects were included in the study. MRIs were analysed by using the point-counting approach of stereological methods by Cavalier’s principle. There was no statistically significant cerebellar atrophy or hemicerebellar asymmetry between the MWoA and control subjects. There was no cerebellar atrophy or asymmetry between the MWoA and age-matched control group. The stereological evaluation of cerebellar asymmetry and atrophy in humans is important for both clinicians and anatomists. The technique is simple, inexpensive, and reliable. (Folia Morphol 2011; 70, 4: 235–239)

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Estimation of spleen volume and surface area of the newborns’ cadaveric spleen using stereological methods

86%

Sagiroglu A., Acer N., Ertekin T., Kurtoglu E., Coskun A., Yildirim A., Zararsiz G.

Folia Morphologica

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2014

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tom 73

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nr 2

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare different techniques for the estimation of spleen volume and surface area using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) images, ultrasonography (USG) images and cadaveric specimen, and to evaluate errors associated with volume estimation techniques based on fluid displacement. Materials and methods: Five newborn cadavers, aged 39.7 ± 1.5 weeks, weighted 2.220 ± 1.056 g, were included in the present study. Three different methods were used to assess the spleen volume. The vertical section technique was applied using cycloid test probes for estimation of spleen surface area in MRI. Results: The mean ± standard deviation of spleen volumes by fluid displacement was 4.82 ± 3.85 cm³. Volumes determined by the Cavalieri’s principle using physical section and point-counting techniques were 4.45 ± 3.47 cm³ and 4.65 ± 3.75 cm³, respectively; volumes measured by USG and cadaver using ellipsoid formula were 4.70 ± 3.02 cm³ and 5.98 ± 4.58 cm³, respectively. No significant differences were found among all methods (p > 0.05). The spleen surface area was calculated as a 32.3 ± 20.6 cm² by physical sections using cadaver and also it was determined on axial, sagittal and coronal MR planes as 24.9 ± 15.2 cm², 18.5 ± 5.92 cm² and 24.3 ± 12.7 cm², respectively. Conclusions: As a result, MR images allow an easy, reliable and reproducible volume and surface area estimation of normal and abnormal spleen using Cavalieri’s principle. We consider that our study may serve as a reference for similar studies to be conducted in future. (Folia Morphol 2014; 73, 2: 183–192)

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The effect of diclofenac sodium on neural tube development in the early stage of chick embryos

86%

Ertekin T., Bilir A., Aslan E., Koca B., Turamanlar O., Ertekin A., Albay S.

Folia Morphologica

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2019

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tom 78

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nr 2

Background: Neural tube defects are congenital malformations of the central nervous system. Genetic predisposition and some environmental factors play an important role in the development of neural tube defects. This study aimed to investigate the effects of diclofenac sodium on the neural tube development in a chick embryo model that corresponds to the first month of vertebral development in mammals. Materials and methods: Seventy-five fertile, specific pathogen-free eggs were incubated for 28 h and were divided into five groups of 15 eggs each. Diclofenac sodium was administered via the sub-blastodermic route at this stage. Incubation was continued till the end of the 48th h. All eggs were then opened and embryos were dissected from embryonic membranes and evaluated morphologically and histopathologically. Results: It was determined that the use of increasing doses of diclofenac sodium led to defects of midline closure in early chicken embryos. There were statistically significant differences in neural tube positions (open or close) among the groups. In addition; crown–rump length, somite number were significantly decreased in high dose experimental groups compared with control group. Conclusions: This study showed that development of neurons is affected in chicken embryos after administration of diclofenac sodium. The exact teratogenic mechanism of diclofenac sodium is not clear; therefore it should be investigated. (Folia Morphol 2019; 78, 2: 307–313)

Ograniczanie wyników

Age-related changes of nasal cavity and conchae volumes and volume fractions in children: a stereological study

The potential teratogenic effects of interferon beta-1a and interferon beta-1b on in vitro embryonic development

Examination of inclinations of the spine at childhood and adolescence

Volumetric evaluation of hemicerebellar changes in migraine patients without aura

Estimation of spleen volume and surface area of the newborns’ cadaveric spleen using stereological methods

The effect of diclofenac sodium on neural tube development in the early stage of chick embryos