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1

Low incidence of bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency [BLAD] carriers in Indian cattle and buffalo breeds

100%
Patel R. K., Singh K. M., Soni K. J., Chuhan J. B., Sambasiva R. K. R. S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2007
|
tom 48
|
nr 2
153-155
BLAD is an autosomal recessive genetic disease that affects Holstein-Friesian (HF) cattle worldwide. It is a disease characterized by a reduced expression of the adhesion molecules on neutrophils. The disease is caused by a mutation that replaces adenine at 383 with guanine, which causes an amino acid change from aspartic acid to glycine. Blood samples and a few semen samples were collected from 1250 phenotypically normal individuals, including HF (N = 377), HF crossbred (N = 334), Jersey (105), other breeds of cattle (N = 160) and water buffalo Bubalus bubalis (N=274) belonging to various artificial insemination stations, bull mother farms (BMFs) and embryo transfer (ET) centres across the country. PCR-RFLP was performed to detect a point mutation in CD18, surface molecules of neutrophils. The results indicate that out of 1250 cattle and buffaloes tested for BLAD, 13 HF purebreds out of 377 and 10 HF crossbreds out of 334 appear to be BLAD carriers. In the HF and HF crossbred population, the percentage of BLAD carriers was estimated as 3.23%. The condition is alarming as the mutant gene has already entered the HF crossbred cattle population and therefore, the population of HF and its crossbreds needs regular screening to avoid the risk of spreading BLAD in the breeding cattle population of India.
2

Lack of carriers of citrullinaemia and DUMPS in Indian Holstein cattle

100%
Patel R. K., Singh K. M., Soni K. J., Chauhan J. B., Sambasiva R. K. R. S.
Journal of Applied Genetics
|
2006
|
tom 47
|
nr 3
The present study investigated the occurrence of 2 autosomal recessive genetic diseases, bovine citrullinaemia and deficiency of uridine monophosphate synthase (DUMPS), in Indian Holstein cattle. The polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis was performed on a group of 642 animals, mainly HF and HF crossbred cattle, to identify carriers of these diseases. None of the animals were carriers of citrullinaemia or DUMPS. It is possible that with the mounting selection pressure, the international gene pool may diminish, and consequently the risk of dissemination of inherited defects will increase. It is therefore recommended to screen breeding bulls for their breed-specific genetic diseases before they are inducted in artificial insemination programmes, to minimize the risk.
3

Black carbon and heavy metal contamination of soil

86%
Patel K. S., Sharma R., Dahariya N. S., Patel R. K., Blazhev B., Matini L.
Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
|
2016
|
tom 25
|
nr 2
Black carbon (BC) and heavy metals (HMs) are of great interest to researchers due to their hazardous impact on the environment. Coal is a dirty fuel and its huge exploitation (mining and combustion) causes serious pollution of the environment. In this work, the contamination by BC and HMs of the soil of the coal basin in Korba, India, was evaluated. Higher concentrations of BC and Fe were detected in the soil samples, ranging (n = 9) from 4.5-7.3 and 4.1-9.3% with mean value of 5.5 and 6.6%, respectively. Concentrations of As, Cr, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Hg in the surface soil (n = 9) ranged from 91-116, 88-109, 2,423-5,063, 140-479, 128-377, 1.25-2.73, 858-4,973, and 0.88-2.37 mg kg-1 with values of 101±5, 98±5, 3409±721, 229±72, 227±48, 1.84±0.35, 2068±882, and 1.45±0.33 mg kg-1, respectively. Among HMs, Pb is extremely enriched in the soil. The main sources of HMs in the soil apportioned are coal burning and mining.
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