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W badaniach wykorzystano test relaksacji naprężeń do oceny stopnia uszkodzeń wewnętrznych korzeni marchwi w różnych warunkach obciążeń. Oceny dokonano poprzez porównanie dwóch wartości energii deformacji: realnie zaabsorbowanej i hipotetycznej, obliczonej dla modelu próbki korzenia.
The present study determines the relation between the energy necessary for breaking carrot root and its physical status determined by means of such parameters as moisture content, water potential, and experimental time. The roots were hit by means of Charpy‘s hammer with a speed of 2.12 m/s. A constant energy of hitting of 0.263 J was applied. Water potential was determined by means of the “Wescor” method. A constant relation between the energy absorbed during hitting and water potential (r = 0.81) was observed. The relation can be used as an index of root resistance to impact loading.
This paper presents the results of measurements of stresses and critical deformations, as well as the energy in the critical point for carrot root samples. The measurements were conducted by applying different deformation speeds in the range of 0.083 to 3.333 mm/s. The carrot roots were stored in a dry room for four days in order to differentiate their moisture content and water potential level. Water potential proved to be the parameter that strongly influenced the level of critical deformation. The adequacy of using the criterion of critical deformation for carrot roots in the range of high water potential values was confirmed.
The study presents the measuring position for determination of the dynamical behavior of vegetables and fruit. The main element of the device is an instrumented rigid physical pendulum made of carbon fi ber. The pendulum arm was developed as a double arch connected with the external links. This construction enables attaining the desirable value of the quotient of the mass moment of inertia of the pendulum arm with a fruit and the arm without it as well as appropriate rigidity. The studies with the pendulum device application simulated the apple drop from a required height. The tests measuring pendulum rotation angle and fruit response force in time facilitated determination of the force – displacement correlation at impact event. The obtained displacement and impact force courses in time were presented graphically.
The aim of the studies was to establish a relationship between apple mass, impact initial velocity and energy level causing damage of apple flesh tissue. The apples were dropped on a flat, rigid surface at different combinations of fruit mass and drop height. Then the apples were stored at a room temperature for 5 days, after which they were classified as bruised and unbruised. The analysis was also carried out, using nonlinear regression, in order to find the function which would determine the most accurately the limit between the bruised and unbruised apples.
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