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The study determined genetic and chemical variability of 40 populations of E. angustifolium and E. hirsutum, growing wild in the eastern Poland. The RAPD analysis indicated higher genetic variability in E. angustifolium than in E. hirsutum. The contents of biologically active phenolic compounds (flavonoids, phenolic acids, tannins) in dry herb were determined. Qualitative analysis of flavonoids was performed by HPLC. There were differences in the content of flavonoids, phenolic acids and tannins in the populations of both species. The main flavonoid compounds were - luteolin-7-glucoside in E. angustifolium herb and rutin in E. hirsutum herb.
Genetic diversity of common thyme (Thymus pulegioides L.) and wild thyme (Thymus serpyllum L.) by the RAPD method was evaluated. The investigated populations of both species significantly differed in respect of developmental traits as well the content and composition of essential oil. The content of essential oil in the herb Thymus pulegioides was higher. Phenolic substances (thymol and carvacrol) dominated in the essential oil of Thymus pulegioides, whereas terpens (β-myrcene, cineol, borneol and β-cariophyllene) in the essential oil of Thymus serpyllum.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of presowing conditioning, hormone permeation, and fungicide application on the vigour of seeds and seedlings as well as the yield of marjoram herb collected from the cultivation started by direct sowing into the open field. The methods of presowing seed treatment were as follows: soaking in GA3, matriconditioning with solid substance MicroCel-E, osmoconditioning in the solution of polyethylene glycol PEG 6000. Seeds of every combination were either dressed with Penncozeb or sown without fungicide. The yield and quality of marjoram herb were tested in the field experiments conducted in the region of Central and Southern Poland. The phytopathological analysis of seeds showed their low infestation by microorganisms, this not increasing following the seed conditioning and soaking in GA3 solution. The measurements of seedling vigour under controlled conditions proved the positive effect of every tested method of presowing seed treatment. Irrespective of localization, the yields of marjoram herb and essential oil were the highest with the crop from matriconditioned seeds. The effect of seed osmoconditioning and soaking in GA3 solution as well as fungicide application depended on the localization of marjoram growing.
Biostimulants are compounds of diverse formulations, that improve quantity and quality of yield. Their positive effect on plants is more evident in stressful conditions. Biostimulants increase a plant’s tolerance to stresses and enable the repair of damage caused by unfavourable conditions. In this study the effect of Asahi SL on Arabidopsis thaliana L. grown in the presence of cadmium (Cd2+) was evaluated.Cd2+ negatively affected examined parameters and processes, leading to disturbances in plant growth and performance. A. thaliana treated with Asahi SL were higher and advanced in development. Biomass accumulation was stimulated by Asahi SL due to a higher efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus, manifested by higher: (i) leaf area, (ii) chlorophyll content and (iii) intensity of photosynthesis. Despite higher intensity of transpiration and lower stomatal resistance, the relative water content was unchanged in Asahi SL – treated plants due to the stimulation of root development. Therefore, it can be concluded that Asahi SL protects plants against Cd2+ stress.
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